Objective. To evaluate the relationship between opioid use and specific personality traits among individuals with chronic pain stratified by morphine equivalent doses (MEQ). Design. Observational cohort study. Setting. Chronic pain outpatient clinic in Canada (2017–2019). Patients. Participants were included if they (1) were at least 18 years old, (2) had been diagnosed with chronic pain (pain >3 months), and (3) were able to read and write in English. Interventions. None. Main Outcome Measures. Completion of the following outcome measures: Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, Anxiety Sensitivity Index, Brief-Coping with Problems Experience 28-item, Brief Pain Inventory Short Form, CAGE-AID substance misuse screening tool, EuroQol-5D, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item, and Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item. One-way analysis of variance compared outcomes between MEQ groups. Results. 215 individuals (64.2% female) were included with a mean age of 52.7 ± 11.7 years and time since pain onset of 14.1 ± 10.2 years (range 1–45). There were no significant differences between MEQ groups with respect to sociodemographic and clinical health variables except for gender and employment status and time since pain onset. After controlling for gender, time since pain onset, and average pain severity, patients with MEQ 90+ mg had significantly higher scores for experiential avoidance and anxiety sensitivity in addition to increased pain interference, greater depressive and anxiety symptoms, more dysfunctional coping, and poorer QoL than those with MEQ 1–89 mg or MEQ 0 mg. Conclusions. Compared to individuals using no or lower-dose opioids to treat chronic pain, those using high-dose opioids had higher scores on two maladaptive personality traits (i.e., anxiety sensitivity and experiential avoidance) which was associated with poorer mood, greater pain interference, lower quality of life, and dysfunctional coping. These maladaptive personality traits may help to explain how individuals with chronic pain utilize higher doses of opioid analgesics.

中文翻译：

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慢性疼痛患者较高的慢性阿片类药物治疗剂量与特定人格特征的关系

目标。评估按吗啡等效剂量 (MEQ) 分层的慢性疼痛个体中阿片类药物使用与特定人格特征之间的关系。设计。观察性队列研究。设置。加拿大慢性疼痛门诊（2017-2019）。患者。如果参与者 (1) 至少 18 岁，(2) 被诊断出患有慢性疼痛（疼痛 > 3 个月），并且 (3) 能够用英语读写，则包括在内。干预措施。没有任何。主要观察指标. 完成以下结果测量：接受和行动问卷、焦虑敏感指数、简要应对问题经历 28 项、简要疼痛量表简表、CAGE-AID 物质滥用筛查工具、EuroQol-5D、广泛性焦虑症 7 项和患者健康问卷 9 项。单向方差分析比较了 MEQ 组之间的结果。结果. 包括 215 名个体（64.2% 女性），平均年龄为 52.7 ± 11.7 岁，疼痛发作时间为 14.1 ± 10.2 年（范围 1-45）。除了性别和就业状况以及疼痛发作时间外，MEQ 组之间在社会人口统计学和临床​​健康变量方面没有显着差异。在控制性别、疼痛发作时间和平均疼痛严重程度后，MEQ 90+ mg 的患者除了疼痛干扰增加、抑郁和焦虑症状加重、应对功能障碍和更差外，在体验回避和焦虑敏感性方面的得分显着更高。 QoL 高于 MEQ 1–89 mg 或 MEQ 0 mg。结论. 与不使用或使用低剂量阿片类药物治疗慢性疼痛的个体相比，使用高剂量阿片类药物的个体在两种适应不良的人格特征（即焦虑敏感性和经验回避）上得分更高，这与更糟糕的情绪、更大的疼痛干扰、更低的生活质量和功能失调的应对方式。这些适应不良的人格特征可能有助于解释慢性疼痛患者如何使用更高剂量的阿片类镇痛药。