Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental health disorder that is very common among children and may last into their adulthood. It is known that ADHD affects the attention of patients due to problems with short-term memory. Therefore, analysis of attention and memory of these patients should come into consideration. In this study, the complexity and memory of Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals are analyzed to investigate the reduction in attention and memory of patients with ADHD compared to normal subjects while playing a serious game. To achieve this, the fractal dimension and sample entropy of EEG signals are analyzed to evaluate the alterations in the complexity of EEG signals. Moreover, the Hurst exponent of EEG signals for ADHD and non-ADHD subjects is calculated to discuss the memory of EEG signals. The results showed a smaller fractal dimension and sample entropy of EEG signals for patients with ADHD that reflects their lower attention. Besides, the Hurst exponent of EEG signals for these patients reflects their lower memory than normal subjects. Therefore, it can be concluded that the reductions of attention and memory in ADHD subjects are mapped on the reduction of complexity and memory of their EEG signals.

中文翻译：

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玩严肃游戏时多动症和健康受试者之间大脑活动的复杂性和基于记忆的比较

注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 是一种心理健康障碍，在儿童中非常常见，可能会持续到成年。众所周知，ADHD 由于短期记忆问题而影响患者的注意力。因此，应考虑分析这些患者的注意力和记忆力。在这项研究中，分析了脑电图 (EEG) 信号的复杂性和记忆力，以调查与正常受试者相比，ADHD 患者在玩严肃游戏时注意力和记忆力的下降。为此，分析了脑电信号的分形维数和样本熵，以评估脑电信号复杂性的变化。此外，计算了多动症和非多动症受试者脑电信号的赫斯特指数，以讨论脑电信号的记忆。结果显示，ADHD 患者的 EEG 信号的分形维数和样本熵较小，这反映了他们的注意力较低。此外，这些患者脑电信号的赫斯特指数反映了他们的记忆力低于正常人。因此，可以得出结论，ADHD 受试者注意力和记忆力的降低与其脑电图信号的复杂性和记忆力的降低有关。