After a brief introduction, this “symposium” presents four essay reviews of three recent major studies of Newton’s life and works beyond the mathematics, physics and natural philosophy for which he is principally known: Jed Buchwald’s and Mordechai Feingold’s Newton and the Origin of Civilization (2013), Rob Iliffe’s Priest of Nature: The Religious Worlds of Isaac Newton (2017), and William R. Newman’s Newton the Alchemist (2019); and they address Newton’s work on history, chronology, theology and alchemy. The four reviewers are leading Newton scholars in their own right, and assess how these three studies advance our understanding of Newton the “scientist”, as well as Newton the man in his times. Niccolò Guicciardini considers their relevance to our understanding of Newton’s mathematics; Scott Mandelbrote assesses how they advance our understanding of Newton’s local and historical context; Steffen Ducheyne focuses on what we can learn about Newton’s methodological concerns and working practices; while Stephen Snobelen considers how these studies can help us understand the place of religion in Newton’s life and work. We conclude with responses from each of the reviewed authors: Feingold (representing also his co-author Jed Buchwald), Iliffe, and Newman. New insights into key questions are afforded throughout. Should Newton’s work in these different areas be considered continuous with his more “scientific” works, or compartmentalized according to his rigorous disciplinary procedures?

在简要介绍之后，这个“专题讨论会”呈现了四篇论文评论，对牛顿的生平和他主要着名的数学、物理学和自然哲学之外的三项近期主要研究进行了评论：Jed Buchwald 和 Mordechai Feingold 的《牛顿与文明的起源》（The Newton and the Origin of Civilization（Jed Buchwald's and Mordechai Feingold's Newton and the Origin of Civilization）。 2013)、Rob Iliffe 的《自然神父：艾萨克·牛顿的宗教世界》 (2017) 和 William R. Newman 的《炼金术士牛顿》(2019); 它们涉及牛顿在历史、年表、神学和炼金术方面的工作。这四位评论者本身就是牛顿学者的佼佼者，他们评估了这三项研究如何促进我们对“科学家”牛顿以及他那个时代的牛顿的理解。Niccolò Guicciardini 认为它们与我们对牛顿数学的理解有关；Scott Mandelbrote 评估了它们如何促进我们对牛顿当地和历史背景的理解；Steffen Ducheyne 专注于我们可以从牛顿的方法论关注点和工作实践中学到什么；而斯蒂芬·斯诺贝伦则考虑这些研究如何帮助我们理解宗教在牛顿的生活和工作中的地位。我们以每位评论作者的回应结束：Feingold（也代表他的合著者 Jed Buchwald）、Iliffe 和 Newman。在整个过程中提供了对关键问题的新​​见解。牛顿在这些不同领域的工作是否应该被视为与他更“科学”的工作是连续的，还是按照他严格的纪律程序进行划分？