The perineural invasion (PNI), which refers to tumor cells encroaching on nerve, is a clinical feature frequently occurred in various malignant tumors, and responsible for postoperative recurrence, metastasis and decreased survival. The pathogenesis of PNI switches from ‘low-resistance channel’ hypothesis to ‘mutual attraction’ theory between peripheral nerves and tumor cells in perineural niche. Among various molecules in perineural niche, microRNA (miRNA) as an emerging modulator of PNI through generating RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) to orchestrate oncogene and anti-oncogene has aroused a wide attention. This article systematically reviewed the role of microRNA in PNI, promising to identify new biomarkers and offer cancer therapeutic targets.

中文翻译：

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MicroRNAs：癌症神经周围侵袭的新兴驱动因素

PNI是指肿瘤细胞侵犯神经，是各种恶性肿瘤中多发的临床特征，是术后复发、转移和生存率下降的主要原因。PNI的发病机制从“低阻通道”假说转变为周围神经与神经周围小生境肿瘤细胞之间的“相互吸引”理论。在神经周围生态位的各种分子中，微小RNA（miRNA）作为一种新兴的PNI调节剂，通过产生RNA诱导的沉默复合物（RISC）来协调癌基因和抗癌基因，引起了广泛的关注。本文系统地回顾了 microRNA 在 PNI 中的作用，有望识别新的生物标志物并提供癌症治疗靶点。