Abstract

Aggressive tissue biopsy is commonly unavoidable in the management of most suspected tumor cases to conclusively verify the presence of cancerous cells through histological assessment. The extracted tissue is also immunostained for detection of antigens (tissue tumor markers) of potential prognostic or therapeutic importance to assist in treatment decision. Although liquid biopsies can be a powerful tool for monitoring treatment response, they are still excluded from standard cancer diagnostics, and their utility is still being debated in the scientific community. With a myriad of soluble tissue tumor markers now being discovered, liquid biopsies could completely change the current paradigms of cancer management. Recently, soluble programmed cell death ligand-1 (sPD-L1), which is found in the peripheral blood, i.e. serum and plasma, has shown potential as a pre-therapeutic predictive marker as well as a prognostic biomarker to monitor treatment efficacy. Thus, this review focuses on the emergence of sPD-L1 and promising technologies for its detection in order to support liquid biopsies for future cancer management.

中文翻译：

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可溶性程序性细胞死亡配体1在癌症治疗中的预后前景

摘要

在大多数疑似肿瘤病例的管理中，积极的组织活检通常是不可避免的，以通过组织学评估最终验证癌细胞的存在。还对提取的组织进行免疫染色，以检测具有潜在预后或治疗重要性的抗原（组织肿瘤标志物），以协助治疗决策。尽管液体活检可以成为监测治疗反应的有力工具，但它们仍被排除在标准的癌症诊断之外，而且它们的效用仍在科学界争论不休。随着大量可溶性组织肿瘤标志物的发现，液体活检可以彻底改变当前的癌症管理范式。最近，在外周血，即血清和血浆中发现的可溶性程序性细胞死亡配体-1 (sPD-L1)，已显示出作为治疗前预测标志物以及监测治疗效果的预后生物标志物的潜力。因此，本综述重点关注 sPD-L1 的出现及其检测技术，以支持未来癌症管理的液体活检。