OBJECTIVE Our aim was to analyze the association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and depressive symptoms, as well as the extent to which TV viewing and physical activity moderate this association. METHODS We used cross-sectional data from the 2013 Brazilian National Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde) of 59,402 adults (33,482 women, mean age = 42.9 years, 95%CI 42.7-43.2 years). Depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), physical activity, TV viewing, and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, as well as potential confounders (chronological age, ethnicity, consumption of candy/sweets and fruit, multimorbidity, education, and employment status) were self-reported. Poisson regression models were used for association analyses. RESULTS The consumption of 16 or more glasses/week of sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with higher levels of severe depressive symptoms among women compared to no consumption (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.71 [95%CI 1.38-2.11]). Consistent interactions were observed between 1-5 glasses and TV viewing (PR 2.09 [95%CI 1.06-4.12]) and between 11-15 glasses and TV viewing (PR 2.90 [95%CI 1.29-6.50]) among men compared to no consumption, given that the co-occurrence of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and elevated TV viewing was associated with higher odds of severe depressive symptoms. Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption did not interact with physical activity, only presenting an independent association. CONCLUSION Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was independently associated with severe depressive symptoms among women and interacted with TV viewing, but not with physical activity among men.

中文翻译：

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59,402 名成人中含糖饮料消费、电视观看和身体活动与严重抑郁症状的独立和综合关联

目的 我们的目的是分析含糖饮料消费与抑郁症状之间的关联，以及看电视和体育活动在多大程度上减轻了这种关联。方法 我们使用了来自 2013 年巴西全国调查 (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde) 的横断面数据，该调查涉及 59,402 名成年人（33,482 名女性，平均年龄 = 42.9 岁，95% CI 42.7-43.2 岁）。抑郁症状（患者健康问卷 9）、身体活动、看电视和含糖饮料消费，以及潜在的混杂因素（实际年龄、种族、糖果/糖果和水果的消费、多发病、教育和就业状况）是自我报告的。泊松回归模型用于关联分析。结果 与不饮用相比，每周饮用 16 杯或更多含糖饮料与女性严重抑郁症状的严重程度相关（患病率 [PR] 1.71 [95% CI 1.38-2.11]）。在男性中观察到 1-5 次眼镜和电视观看之间（PR 2.09 [95%CI 1.06-4.12]）以及 11-15 次眼镜和电视观看之间（PR 2.90 [95%CI 1.29-6.50]）之间的持续相互作用，而没有消费，鉴于含糖饮料消费和电视观看次数增加的同时发生与严重抑郁症状的更高几率有关。含糖饮料消费与身体活动没有相互作用，仅呈现独立关联。