Nanotechnology, with many advantages to engineer new organized nanomaterials, has attracted much attention in recent decades. Smart drug delivery and controlled release system can enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy at diseased body parts and reduce its side effects of drugs on normal tissues and cells. With high rigidity and surface area, tailored mesoporous structure, and good biocompatibility, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have been proven to be excellent nanocarriers and delivery vehicle. In the mean time, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) possess a number of advantages of gold-based nanomaterials that make them appealing for controlled drug delivery applications. The novel nanovalve systems based on MSNs (acting as nanocontainers or reservoirs)-AuNPs (acting as gates or switches), combining the good characteristics of the two kinds of nanoparticles in one system, has captured research interests in the fields of chemistry, biomaterials, nanoscience and clinical medicine. This review article introduces important research progress on the single and multiple functions of controllable drug release systems based on MSN-AuNPs hybrids, which will be illustrated from stimulus and applications points of view. In the section of single responsive systems, we introduce the adaptability and responsiveness of the hybrid systems to external environmental stimuli, such as light (UV and NW), pH, competitive binding, aptamers, and biological signals. In the section of multiple responsive systems, we focus on the design principle and release effect of dual responsive systems and reversible systems. In addition, the challenges and development direction of this type of nano valve-based drug delivery systems are systematically discussed. Although the nanogate systems based on MSNs capped by AuNPs, employing many different functions, have made tremendous progress in recent years, collaborations between chemists, material scientists, engineers and medical doctors are in urgent need to further advance this research field and realize their final practical applications in the near future.

中文翻译：

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基于由金纳米粒子包覆的介孔二氧化硅的受控药物释放系统

纳米技术在设计新的有组织的纳米材料方面具有许多优势，近几十年来引起了广泛关注。智能给药和控释系统可以增强化疗对身体病变部位的有效性，减少药物对正常组织和细胞的副作用。介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子 (MSN) 具有高刚性和表面积、定制的介孔结构和良好的生物相容性，已被证明是出色的纳米载体和递送载体。同时，金纳米粒子 (AuNPs) 具有金基纳米材料的许多优点，使其在受控药物递送应用中具有吸引力。基于 MSNs（充当纳米容器或储存器）-AuNPs（充当门或开关）的新型纳米阀系统，将两种纳米粒子的优良特性结合在一个系统中，在化学、生物材料、纳米科学和临床医学领域引起了研究兴趣。这篇综述文章介绍了基于 MSN-AuNPs 杂化物的可控药物释放系统的单一和多重功能的重要研究进展，将从刺激和应用的角度进行说明。在单响应系统部分，我们介绍了混合系统对外部环境刺激的适应性和响应性，例如光（UV 和 NW）、pH、竞争性结合、适配子和生物信号。在多响应系统部分，我们重点介绍了双响应系统和可逆系统的设计原理和释放效果。此外，系统讨论了这种基于纳米阀的给药系统的挑战和发展方向。尽管基于由 AuNPs 封端的 MSNs 的纳米门系统近年来取得了巨大的进步，但化学家、材料科学家、工程师和医生之间的合作迫切需要进一步推进这一研究领域并实现其最终的实用化。在不久的将来应用。