During the operation of a high-temperature superconducting maglev system, external factors, such as crosswind, rain and earthquake, will cause some changes in the levitation and guidance forces and even an undesirable modification of the levitation point. The dynamic behavior is, thus, essential for the maglev and must be well understood. According to Newton’s second law, the thermal diffusion equation, Maxwell’s equations and a nonlinear power-law constitutive relation, a 2D thermal-electromagnetic coupling model is built to study the dynamics of an actual superconducting maglev under environmental loads. It is assumed that after a zero-field-cooled bulk superconductor slowly descends to a working height above a permanent-magnet guideway, its dynamic motion will be triggered by external disturbance or excitation. The influences of the amplitude and frequency of periodic external disturbance exerted on the guideway, and the magnitude and direction of external excitation applied on the superconductor on the vibration characteristics, including the drift phenomenon occurring in both vertical and lateral directions and temperature evolution, are fully analyzed. Moreover, the resonance phenomenon induced by these external factors is predicted, tending to aggravate the local temperature rise and levitation drift.

高温超导磁悬浮系统在运行过程中，受到侧风、雨水、地震等外界因素的影响，会引起悬浮力和导向力发生一定的变化，甚至出现悬浮点的不良变化。因此，动态行为对于磁悬浮是必不可少的，必须很好地理解。根据牛顿第二定律、热扩散方程、麦克斯韦方程和非线性幂律本构关系，建立二维热-电磁耦合模型，研究实际超导磁悬浮在环境载荷下的动力学。假设零场冷块体超导体缓慢下降到永磁导轨上方的工作高度后，其动态运动将受到外部干扰或激励的触发。对导轨施加周期性外扰的幅值和频率，施加在超导体上的外激励的大小和方向对振动特性的影响，包括纵向和横向发生的漂移现象和温度演化，都得到了充分的研究。分析了。此外，预测这些外部因素引起的共振现象，往往会加剧局部温升和悬浮漂移。