ABSTRACT

Body dissatisfaction (BD) is a significant concern among adolescents. We extend previous research by testing whether gender could moderate the relationship between physical activity (PA) and BD according to adolescents’ body mass index (BMI). 2,026 adolescents; 1,127 boys (13.13 ± 0.92) and 899 girls (13.06 ± 0.86), from 22 high schools in Spain, participated in this cross-sectional study. BMI was assessed by the research team, while PA levels and BD were assessed through questionnaires (PAQ-A and BIDA, respectively). PA was significantly and negatively associated with BD. When exploring the moderating role of gender, no gender differences were found for BD, and no significant variations were found in the association between PA and BD among boys and girls. However, when examining this relationship according to the adolescents’ BMI, a significant gender*PA interaction was found for adolescents with normal-weight, where the association between PA and BD for boys was significantly higher than girls. No gender differences were found in the association between PA and BD for overweight/obese adolescents. This study suggests that adolescents, particularly boys with normal-weight, with higher levels of PA are less likely to be dissatisfied with their physical image.

摘要

身体不满意（BD）是青少年的一个重要问题。我们通过测试性别是否可以根据青少年的体重指数 (BMI) 来调节身体活动 (PA) 和 BD 之间的关系来扩展先前的研究。2,026 名青少年；来自西班牙 22 所高中的 1,127 名男孩 (13.13 ± 0.92) 和 899 名女孩 (13.06 ± 0.86) 参与了这项横断面研究。BMI 由研究团队评估，而 PA 水平和 BD 通过问卷（分别为 PAQ-A 和 BIDA）进行评估。PA 与 BD 显着负相关。在探索性别的调节作用时，BD 没有发现性别差异，男孩和女孩的 PA 和 BD 之间的关联没有发现显着差异。然而，当根据青少年的 BMI 检查这种关系时，在体重正常的青少年中发现了显着的性别 * PA 相互作用，其中男孩的 PA 和 BD 之间的关联显着高于女孩。在超重/肥胖青少年的 PA 和 BD 之间的关联中没有发现性别差异。这项研究表明，青少年，尤其是体重正常的男孩，具有较高水平的 PA 不太可能对他们的身体形象不满意。