Pulmonary cryptococcosis is a common but underdiagnosed opportunistic fungal infection in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. The causal agents include at least eight evolutionary distinct haploid lineages as well as their hybrids of the human pathogenic Cryptococcus complex. In this update, we review recent advances in epidemiology, mode of transmission, risk factors, diagnostic methods, and therapy of pulmonary cryptococcosis. Our review suggests significant challenges and opportunities for research, from bedside to benchside and back to bedside.

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肺隐球菌病更新

肺隐球菌病在免疫功能低下和免疫功能正常的患者中是一种常见但未被诊断的机会性真菌感染。致病因子包括至少八个进化上不同的单倍体谱系以及它们与人类致病性隐球菌复合体的杂交体。在本次更新中，我们回顾了肺隐球菌病的流行病学、传播方式、危险因素、诊断方法和治疗方面的最新进展。我们的评论表明，从床边到工作台再到床边，研究面临着巨大的挑战和机遇。