It is often assumed that families migrate to improve their economic and social prospects, and that these additional resources can benefit the whole family. However, existing research suggests that many children who have experienced (internal) migration underperform compared to their non-migrating peers in terms of different socioeconomic outcomes. In this article, we study the effects of geographical mobility on children’s non-completion of upper secondary education in Finland and Germany using Finnish register data and the German National Educational Panel Study. Our findings indicate that moving during childhood is associated with the risk of not attaining any secondary degree in both countries. In Finland, this is mostly explained by negative selection into moving (i.e. those who move are more likely to be disadvantaged). In Germany, however, an independent association between moving and educational attainment remains after taking into account various reasons why families move. Furthermore, for both Germany and Finland, any labour force status or earning gains parents make after a move do not seem to compensate for the negative influence of internal migration on children’s educational dropout. Overall, we conclude that geographically mobile children may be a vulnerable subgroup in the inter-generational transmission of inequality, therefore schools have an important role to play in integrating internal migrants—as well as international migrants—into the social networks of the schools they arrive in.

中文翻译：

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芬兰和德国的地域流动性和儿童未完成高中教育：父母资源重要吗？

人们通常认为，家庭移民是为了改善他们的经济和社会前景，而这些额外的资源可以使整个家庭受益。然而，现有研究表明，与非移民同龄人相比，许多经历过（内部）移民的儿童在不同的社会经济结果方面表现不佳。在本文中，我们使用芬兰注册数据和德国国家教育小组研究研究了地域流动性对芬兰和德国儿童未完成高中教育的影响。我们的研究结果表明，在这两个国家，童年时期搬家与未获得任何中学学位的风险有关。在芬兰，这主要是由于对搬家的负面选择（即搬家的人更有可能处于不利地位）。然而在德国，考虑到家庭搬家的各种原因后，搬家与教育程度之间的独立关联仍然存在。此外，对于德国和芬兰来说，父母在搬家后获得的任何劳动力地位或收入似乎都无法弥补国内移民对儿童辍学的负面影响。总体而言，我们的结论是，地理上流动的儿童可能是不平等代际传递中的一个弱势群体，因此学校在将国内移民以及国际移民融入他们到达学校的社会网络方面发挥着重要作用在。父母在搬家后获得的任何劳动力地位或收入似乎都无法弥补国内迁移对儿童辍学的负面影响。总体而言，我们的结论是，地理上流动的儿童可能是不平等代际传递中的一个弱势群体，因此学校在将国内移民以及国际移民融入他们到达学校的社会网络方面发挥着重要作用在。父母在搬家后获得的任何劳动力地位或收入似乎都无法弥补国内迁移对儿童辍学的负面影响。总体而言，我们的结论是，地理上流动的儿童可能是不平等代际传递中的一个弱势群体，因此学校在将国内移民以及国际移民融入他们到达学校的社会网络方面发挥着重要作用在。