Introduction: The population of older adults with clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) is growing larger and more diverse. Prevalence of ADRD is higher in African American (AA) and Hispanic populations relative to non-Hispanic whites (nHW), with differences even larger for women compared to men of the same race. We sought to determine if AA and Hispanic women exhibit worse ADRD pathology compared to men of the same race and nHW women. We hypothesized that such differences may explain the discrepancy in ADRD prevalence. Methods: We evaluated 932 articles that measured at least one of the following biomarkers of ADRD pathology in vivo and/or postmortem: amyloid-beta (Aß), tau, neurodegeneration, and cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD). Criteria for inclusion were: 1) mean age of participants > 65 years; 2) inclusion of nHW participants and either AA or Hispanics or both; 3) direct comparison of ADRD pathology between racial groups. Results: We included 26 articles (Aß=9, tau=6, neurodegeneration=16, cSVD=18), with seven including sex-by-race comparisons. Studies differed by sampling source (e.g. ADRC, population), multivariable analytical approach (e.g. adjusted for risk factors for AD), and cognitive status of participants. Aß burden did not differ by race or sex. Tau differed by race (AA

中文翻译：

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非裔美国人和西班牙裔女性阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆病理学的差异：生物标志物研究的定性文献综述


简介：临床诊断为阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症 (ADRD) 的老年人口数量正在不断增加且更加多样化。相对于非西班牙裔白人 (nHW)，非洲裔美国人 (AA) 和西班牙裔人群的 ADRD 患病率更高，女性与同一种族男性的差异甚至更大。我们试图确定 AA 和西班牙裔女性与同种族男性和 nHW 女性相比是否表现出更严重的 ADRD 病理。我们假设这种差异可以解释 ADRD 患病率的差异。方法：我们评估了 932 篇文章，这些文章至少测量了以下一种体内和/或死后 ADRD 病理学生物标志物：β 淀粉样蛋白 (Aß)、tau、神经退行性疾病和脑小血管疾病 (cSVD)。纳入标准为：1) 参与者的平均年龄> 65 岁； 2) 纳入 nHW 参与者以及 AA 或西班牙裔或两者； 3）种族群体之间ADRD病理的直接比较。结果：我们纳入了 26 篇文章（Aß=9、tau=6、神经变性=16、cSVD=18），其中 7 篇包含按种族进行性别比较。研究因抽样来源（例如 ADRC、人口）、多变量分析方法（例如根据 AD 危险因素进行调整）和参与者的认知状态而有所不同。 Aß 负担不因种族或性别而异。 Tau 因种族而异（AA