This is an introductory review of lattice QCD with external fields. The study of external magnetic fields is one of the greatest achievements in modern lattice QCD. Large-scale simulations and detailed analyses have revealed intriguing properties of QCD in the magnetic fields. The study of external electric fields is more challenging because of a technical difficulty. We overview the successes and challenges of the lattice simulations with the electromagnetic fields. We also introduce a newly developing field, the lattice simulation of rotating QCD matters.

中文翻译：

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晶格QCD中的外部电磁和旋转概述

这是具有外部场的晶格 QCD 的介绍性评论。外磁场的研究是现代晶格QCD的最大成就之一。大规模模拟和详细分析揭示了 QCD 在磁场中的有趣特性。由于技术上的困难，外电场的研究更具挑战性。我们概述了电磁场晶格模拟的成功和挑战。我们还介绍了一个新发展的领域，旋转 QCD 物质的晶格模拟。