Study 1: Students (N = 256 women, 129 men, and 13 nonbinary individuals, 61.8% heterosexual) from the same college campus studied 20 years ago (Murnen, 2000) reported on terms they used to refer to male genitals, female genitals, and “having sex” either within the context of an intimate partnership, talking with friends of their gender, or talking with friends in a mixed-gender group. Terms for genitals were coded as degrading or not, and terms for sex as aggressive or not, based on the previous study. Whereas in the past almost three-quarters of men used a degrading term for female genitals, that amount decreased to about one-quarter in the present sample. On the other hand, among women there was a significant increase in the use of a degrading term for women’s genitals in the intimate partner context, particularly among sexual minority women. Degrading and aggressive language use was predicted by pornography use and endorsement of gender stereotyped sexual attitudes. Study 2: Interpretations of sexual terms were studied among 29 sexual minority women, 81 heterosexual women, 16 sexual minority men, and 54 heterosexual men. We found that few terms were perceived as degrading or aggressive today (unlike 20 years ago) and that students believe that societal changes such as sexual education and the #MeToo movement were perceived as responsible for changes in sexual language use.

研究 1：学生（N = 来自 20 年前研究的同一大学校园的 256 名女性、129 名男性和 13 名非二元性个体（61.8% 是异性恋）（Murnen，2000）报告了他们过去用来指代男性生殖器、女性生殖器和“发生性行为”的术语在亲密伙伴关系的背景下，与他们的性别朋友交谈，或与混合性别群体中的朋友交谈。根据之前的研究，生殖器术语被编码为是否有辱人格，性术语被编码为是否具有攻击性。过去几乎四分之三的男性使用贬低女性生殖器的术语，而在本样本中，这一比例下降到大约四分之一。另一方面，在女性中，在亲密伴侣的背景下使用有辱人格的女性生殖器术语的情况显着增加，尤其是在性少数女性中。色情内容的使用和对性别刻板的性态度的认可预示着有辱人格和攻击性的语言使用。研究 2：在 29 名性少数女性、81 名异性恋女性、16 名性少数男性和 54 名异性恋男性中研究了性术语的解释。我们发现，如今（与 20 年前不同）很少有术语被认为是有辱人格或攻击性的，而且学生们认为性教育和#MeToo 运动等社会变革被认为是导致性语言使用变化的原因。