In our paper, we study the vulnerability in cascading failures of the real-world network (power grid) under intentional attacks. Here, we use three indexes (, , -shell) to measure the importance of nodes; that is, we define three attacks, respectively. Under these attacks, we measure the process of cascade effect in network by the number of avalanche nodes, the time steps, and the speed of the cascade propagation. Also, we define the node’s bearing capacity as a tolerant parameter to study the robustness of the network under three attacks. Taking the power grid as an example, we have obtained a good regularity of the collapse of the network when the node’s affordability is low. In terms of time and speed, under the betweenness-based attacks, the network collapses faster, but for the number of avalanche nodes, under the degree-based attack, the number of the failed nodes is highest. When the nodes’ bearing capacity becomes large, the regularity of the network’s performances is not obvious. The findings can be applied to identify the vulnerable nodes in real networks such as wireless sensor networks and improve their robustness against different attacks.

中文翻译：

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基于无线传感器的面向电网级联故障漏洞识别方法

在我们的论文中，我们研究了故意攻击下真实世界网络（电网）的级联故障的脆弱性。在这里，我们使用三个索引 ( , , -shell）来衡量节点的重要性；也就是说，我们分别定义了三种攻击。在这些攻击下，我们通过雪崩节点的数量、时间步长和级联传播的速度来衡量网络中级联效应的过程。此外，我们将节点的承载能力定义为容忍参数，以研究网络在三种攻击下的鲁棒性。以电网为例，当节点的承受能力较低时，我们得到了网络崩溃的良好规律。从时间和速度来看，在基于中介的攻击下，网络崩溃的速度更快，但对于雪崩节点的数量，基于度的攻击下，失败的节点数量最多。当节点承载能力变大时，网络性能的规律性不明显。