Without fundamental institutional change, such as a change in laws and regulations, many new technologies cannot achieve their full potential. Efforts to induce institutional change in favor of such technologies are, therefore, increasingly critical for innovative firms. To study how German automotive firms induce change that accommodates autonomous driving (AD) solutions, we conducted a case study research encompassing analysis of 31 interviews, internal archival documents, and media data. Taking the firm as the level of analysis, we identify ten practices employed by innovating incumbents in the three steps of creating saliency for change, mitigating reservations against the desired change, and institutionalizing it. We find that these practices involve shaping-oriented and adaptation-oriented knowledge flows. Through the combined use of these practices throughout the three steps, firms ‘open up’ their development process, utilizing purposive inflows and outflows of knowledge to advance innovation. Our findings contribute to the literature on open innovation and institutional entrepreneurship and suggest that future open innovation research can profit from adopting an institutional entrepreneurship perspective.

中文翻译：

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机构创业的开放式创新：现有企业如何诱导制度变革以推进自动驾驶

如果没有根本的制度变革，例如法律法规的改变，许多新技术就无法充分发挥其潜力。因此，促使有利于此类技术的制度变革的努力对于创新公司来说越来越重要。为了研究德国汽车公司如何引发适应自动驾驶 (AD) 解决方案的变革，我们进行了一项案例研究，包括对 31 次采访、内部档案文件和媒体数据的分析。以公司为分析水平，我们确定了在为变革创造显着性、减少对期望变革的保留和将其制度化这三个步骤中创新现有企业所采用的十种实践。我们发现这些实践涉及面向塑造和面向适应的知识流。通过在三个步骤中结合使用这些实践，公司“开放”他们的发展过程，利用有目的的知识流入和流出来推进创新。我们的研究结果有助于开放式创新和制度创业的文献，并表明未来的开放式创新研究可以从采用制度创业的视角中受益。