Introduction: This study identified users’ indoor navigation concerns, prototype feature preferences, and perceptions of the relative importance and difficulty of certain building types in order to guide the development of an accurate and user-friendly indoor navigation application. Methods: Six-hundred fourteen adult volunteers who are legally blind from the 7,000-member Sendero global positioning system (GPS) electronic discussion group completed a 27-item survey instrument using Survey Monkey Pro online. Data were analyzed using chi-square and cross tabulation statistics. Results: Participants felt points of interest were the most important type of indoor information, that ability to know their location at any time the most important application feature, and verbal output with auditory and vibrational cues, the best output mode. Airports and bus or rail transit facilities scored highest as important buildings for navigation systems, and sports arenas and airports scored highest as difficult buildings to navigate. Chi-square analyses demonstrated that gender and GPS use were related to travel confidence. In addition, GPS use was related to user age, degree of reading vision, and employment. Discussion: The findings demonstrate user preferences for an indoor wayfinding application and high-priority building types. Regardless of stated preferences, it is important to allow the user to customize the application settings. The judgments on building importance of participants provide data on which to prioritize future site development. The chi-square analyses were exploratory in nature and designed to discover possible relationships. Implications for practitioners: Vision education and rehabilitation professionals can use the findings to understand the process of accessible indoor navigation and structure lessons accordingly. Developers can improve their products. Both groups can know and understand the indoor wayfinding perceptions and opinions of more than 600 individuals who are legally blind.

中文翻译：

---

开发室内导航应用程序：识别视障用户的需求和偏好

简介：本研究确定了用户的室内导航关注点、原型功能偏好以及对某些建筑类型的相对重要性和难度的看法，以指导开发准确且用户友好的室内导航应用程序。方法：来自 7,000 名成员的 Sendero 全球定位系统 (GPS) 电子讨论组的 614 名合法失明的成年志愿者使用 Survey Monkey Pro 在线完成了 27 个项目的调查工具。使用卡方和交叉表统计分析数据。结果：参与者认为兴趣点是最重要的室内信息类型，能够随时知道自己的位置是最重要的应用功能，而带有听觉和振动线索的口头输出是最佳输出模式。机场和公交车或轨道交通设施作为导航系统的重要建筑物得分最高，体育场馆和机场作为难以导航的建筑物得分最高。卡方分析表明，性别和 GPS 使用与旅行信心有关。此外，GPS 的使用与用户年龄、阅读视力程度和就业有关。讨论：调查结果展示了用户对室内寻路应用程序和高优先级建筑类型的偏好。无论声明的偏好如何，重要的是允许用户自定义应用程序设置。参与者对建筑重要性的判断提供了确定未来场地开发优先级的数据。卡方分析本质上是探索性的，旨在发现可能的关系。对从业者的影响：视力教育和康复专业人员可以使用这些发现来相应地了解无障碍室内导航和结构课程的过程。开发人员可以改进他们的产品。这两个群体都可以了解和理解 600 多名法定盲人的室内寻路认知和意见。