Many glaciated valleys in Scotland contain distinctive, closely spaced ridges and mounds, which have been termed ‘hummocky moraine’. The ridges and mounds are widely interpreted as ice-marginal moraines, constructed during active retreat of mainly temperate glaciers. However, hummocky terrain can form by various processes in glacial environments, and it may relate to a range of contrasting glaciodynamic regimes. Thus, detailed geomorphological and sedimentological studies of hummocky surfaces in Scottish glaciated valleys are important for robust interpretations of former depositional environments and glacier dynamics. In this contribution, we examine irregularly shaped ridges and mounds that occur outside the limits of former Loch Lomond Readvance (≈ Younger Dryas; ~ 12.9–11.7 ka) glaciers in the Gaick, Central Scotland. These ridges and mounds are intimately associated with series of sinuous channels, and their planform shape mimics the form of the adjacent channels. Available exposures through ridges in one valley reveal that those particular ridges contain lacustrine, subglacial, and glaciofluvial sediments. The internal sedimentary architecture is not related to the surface morphology; thus, we interpret the irregularly shaped ridges and mounds as erosional remnants (or interfluves). Based on the forms and spatial arrangement of the associated channels, we suggest that the ridges and mounds were generated by a combination of ice-marginal and proglacial glaciofluvial incision of glaciogenic sediments. The evidence for glaciofluvial incision, rather than ice-marginal moraine formation, at pre-Loch Lomond Readvance glacier margins in the Gaick may reflect differences in glaciodynamic regimes and/or efficient debris delivery from the glacier margins to the glaciofluvial systems.

苏格兰的许多冰川山谷都有独特的、间隔很近的山脊和土丘，被称为“丘状冰碛”。山脊和土丘被广泛解释为冰缘冰碛，是在主要是温带冰川的活跃退缩期间建造的。然而，在冰川环境中，丘陵地形可以通过各种过程形成，并且可能与一系列对比鲜明的冰川动力学状况有关。因此，对苏格兰冰川山谷中的丘状表面进行详细的地貌学和沉积学研究对于对以前的沉积环境和冰川动力学的可靠解释非常重要。在这篇文章中，我们研究了在前洛蒙德湖 (Loch Lomond Readvance) (≈  Younger Dryas; ~ 12.9–11.7 ka) 苏格兰中部盖克的冰川。这些山脊和土丘与一系列蜿蜒的水道密切相关，它们的平面形状模仿了相邻水道的形状。通过一个山谷中山脊的可用暴露表明那些特定的山脊包含湖相、冰下和冰川河流沉积物。内部沉积结构与地表形态无关；因此，我们将形状不规则的山脊和土丘解释为侵蚀残留物（或间流）。根据相关河道的形式和空间排列，我们认为山脊和土丘是由冰川沉积物的冰缘和前冰期冰川河流切口相结合产生的。冰河切口的证据，而不是冰边缘碛的形成，