This study performed beat-to-beat and spectral analyses of 20-minute skin-surface laser-Doppler-flowmetry (LDF) and radial blood-pressure-waveform (BPW) signals in order to compare the blood-flow perfusion condition and regulatory mechanisms between essential-hypertension (EHT) patients and aged-matched control subjects. Beat-to-beat LDF analyses yielded the pulse width (PW), AC-to-DC ratio (AD), and their corresponding variability indices (coefficients of variation [CVs]). The relative energy contributions (RECs) of five characteristic frequency peaks (defined as FR1–FR5) were also calculated. Spectral BPW analysis obtained the amplitude proportion (C n ) and phase angle (P n ) of each harmonic component n. PW, AD, AD_CV, and REC of FR2 were significantly smaller in the EHT group than in the control group. Regarding BPW indices, C 1, C 2, C 4, and C 5 were significantly larger and P 2–P 8 were significantly smaller in EHT patients than in controls. The present results indicate that BPW and LDF indices can be used to evaluate the blood-flow perfusion efficiency and microcirculatory regulatory activities in EHT. Sex differences were found, with the effects being more prominent in female patients. These findings may be partly attributable to impairment of endothelial and neural regulatory functions. The present findings might aid the development of new noninvasive methods for reducing the risk of EHT-induced damage.

中文翻译：

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高血压患者无创径向脉冲和激光多普勒信号的逐搏和频谱分析

本研究对 20 分钟皮肤表面激光多普勒血流测量 (LDF) 和径向血压波形 (BPW) 信号进行逐搏和光谱分析，以比较血流灌注状况和调节机制在原发性高血压 (EHT) 患者和年龄匹配的对照受试者之间。逐搏 LDF 分析产生了脉冲宽度 (PW)、AC-DC 比 (AD) 及其相应的可变性指数（变异系数 [CV]）。还计算了五个特征频率峰值（定义为 FR1-FR5）的相对能量贡献 (REC)。频谱BPW分析得到每个谐波分量n的幅度比例(C n )和相位角(P n )。EHT 组中 FR2 的 PW、AD、AD_CV 和 REC 显着小于对照组。关于BPW指数，C 1, C 2, C 4, 与对照组相比，EHT 患者的 C 5 和 C 5 显着较大，P 2–P 8 显着较小。目前的结果表明 BPW 和 LDF 指数可用于评估 EHT 中的血流灌注效率和微循环调节活动。发现了性别差异，女性患者的影响更为突出。这些发现可能部分归因于内皮和神经调节功能的损害。目前的发现可能有助于开发新的非侵入性方法，以降低 EHT 引起的损伤风险。发现了性别差异，女性患者的影响更为突出。这些发现可能部分归因于内皮和神经调节功能的损害。目前的发现可能有助于开发新的非侵入性方法，以降低 EHT 引起的损伤风险。发现了性别差异，女性患者的影响更为突出。这些发现可能部分归因于内皮和神经调节功能的损害。目前的发现可能有助于开发新的非侵入性方法，以降低 EHT 引起的损伤风险。