Abstract

Intentional Self-Regulation (ISR)—broadly defined, goal-directed behavior—is an important skill in promoting positive and adaptive development across the life span. The Selection-Optimization-Compensation (SOC) model of ISR describes goal directed behavior among children, adolescents, and adults. This study used an inductive and deductive approach to examine the factor structure of a SOC measure among 4909 cadets from the 2018-2023 graduating classes of the United States Military Academy. An 11-item, SOC measure was administered to all first-year Cadets during Cadet Basic Training, and analyses compared results of an exploratory factor analysis with multiple, theoretically suggested structures using confirmatory factor analysis procedures. Findings suggest that ISR consisted of three structures: Execution (composed of selection and optimization items), persistence, and compensation. Future research should explore the developmental trajectories of these three ISR structures and determine the relationship between ISR and important performance outcomes within the leadership context.

摘要

有意识的自我调节（ISR）——广义的、以目标为导向的行为——是促进整个生命周期的积极和适应性发展的重要技能。ISR 的选择-优化-补偿 (SOC) 模型描述了儿童、青少年和成人之间的目标导向行为。本研究采用归纳和演绎方法，在美国军事学院 2018-2023 年毕业班的 4909 名学员中检验 SOC 测量的因子结构。在学员基础培训期间，对所有一年级学员进行了一项 11 项 SOC 测量，并使用验证性因素分析程序将探索性因素分析的结果与多个理论上建议的结构进行了比较分析。调查结果表明，ISR 由三个结构组成：执行（由选择项和优化项组成）、持久性和补偿。未来的研究应该探索这三种 ISR 结构的发展轨迹，并确定 ISR 与领导背景下重要绩效结果之间的关系。