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A Review of Timing Accuracy across the Global Seismographic Network
Seismological Research Letters ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-01 , DOI: 10.1785/0220200394
Adam T. Ringler 1 , Robert E. Anthony 1 , David C. Wilson 1 , Dan Auerbach 2 , Scott Bargabus 2 , Pete Davis 2 , Michael Gunnels 3 , Katrin Hafner 4 , James F. Holland 1 , Aaron Kearns 3 , Erik Klimczak 2
Affiliation  

The accuracy of timing across a seismic network is important for locating earthquakes as well as studies that use phase‐arrival information (e.g., tomography). The Global Seismographic Network (GSN) was designed with the goal of having reported timing be better than 10 ms. In this work, we provide a brief overview of how timing is kept across the GSN and discuss how clock‐quality metrics are embedded in Standard for Exchange of Earthquake Data records. Specifically, blockette 1001 contains the timing‐quality field, which can be used to identify time periods when poor clock quality could compromise timing accuracy. To verify the timing across the GSN, we compare cross‐correlation lags between collocated sensors from 1 January 2000 to 1 January 2020. We find that the mean error is less than 10 ms, with much of the difference likely coming from the method or uncertainty in the phase response of the instruments. This indicates that timing across the GSN is potentially better than 10 ms. We conclude that unless clock quality is compromised (as indicated in blockette 1001), GSN data’s timing accuracy should be suitable for most current seismological applications that require 10 ms accuracy. To assist users, the GSN network operators have implemented a “gsn_timing” metric available via the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology Data Management Center that helps users identify data with substandard timing accuracy (the 10 ms design goal of the GSN).

中文翻译:

全球地震台网授时精度回顾

地震台网计时的准确性对于定位地震以及使用相位到达信息(例如,断层扫描)的研究很重要。全球地震台网 (GSN) 的设计目标是报告时间优于 10 毫秒。在这项工作中,我们简要概述了如何在 GSN 中保持时间,并讨论时钟质量指标如何嵌入地震数据记录交换标准中。具体来说,blockette 1001 包含时序质量字段,可用于识别时钟质量差可能会影响时序精度的时间段。为了验证整个 GSN 的时序,我们比较了 2000 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 1 月 1 日之间并置传感器之间的互相关滞后。我们发现平均误差小于 10 毫秒,大部分差异可能来自方法或仪器相位响应的不确定性。这表明 GSN 上的时序可能优于 10 毫秒。我们得出的结论是,除非时钟质量受到影响(如块 1001 所示),否则 GSN 数据的计时精度应该适用于大多数当前需要 10 毫秒精度的地震学应用。为帮助用户,GSN 网络运营商实施了“gsn_timing”指标,可通过地震学数据管理中心联合研究机构提供,帮助用户识别不符合标准的计时精度(GSN 的 10 毫秒设计目标)的数据。我们得出的结论是,除非时钟质量受到影响(如块 1001 所示),否则 GSN 数据的计时精度应该适用于大多数当前需要 10 毫秒精度的地震学应用。为帮助用户,GSN 网络运营商实施了“gsn_timing”指标,可通过地震学数据管理中心联合研究机构提供,帮助用户识别不符合标准的计时精度(GSN 的 10 毫秒设计目标)的数据。我们得出的结论是,除非时钟质量受到影响(如块 1001 所示),否则 GSN 数据的计时精度应该适用于大多数当前需要 10 毫秒精度的地震学应用。为帮助用户,GSN 网络运营商实施了“gsn_timing”指标,可通过地震学数据管理中心联合研究机构提供,帮助用户识别不符合标准的计时精度(GSN 的 10 毫秒设计目标)的数据。
更新日期:2021-06-28
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