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Source Characterization for Two Small Earthquakes in Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada: Pushing the Limit of Single Station
Seismological Research Letters ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-01 , DOI: 10.1785/0220200297
Miao Zhang 1 , Min Liu 1, 2 , Alexandre Plourde 1 , Feng Bao 3 , Ruijia Wang 4 , John Gosse 1
Affiliation  

A pair of small earthquakes (⁠MN 2.4 and 2.6, Earthquakes Canada) hit the city of Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada, in early March 2020. The events were recorded by three seismic stations within 200 km, but only one station (HAL, <10 km⁠) is close enough to offer high‐quality broadband signals. In this study, we explore their source parameters using the nearest station through waveform modeling. A nearby quarry blast (⁠MN 2.0) with known Global Positioning System coordinates is adopted as a reference for regional velocity model building and location calibration. We first build a half‐space velocity model by estimating the P‐S travel‐time difference of the blast and determine the near‐surface velocity through full‐waveform modeling (i.e., comparing a set of synthetic waveforms with the observed blast). The velocity model is then used to evaluate the pair of earthquakes, in which waveform fitting and Rg/S amplitude ratios suggest source depths of ∼0.7 km⁠. The epicenters of these two earthquakes are situated in a recently constructed commercial development. Lastly, single‐station template matching finds no similar earthquakes near the hypocenters of the two events in the past decade and only three aftershocks in the following four months. Taking advantage of a ground‐truth blast and waveform modeling, our study demonstrates the potential to construct a detailed regional velocity model and determine accurate earthquake source parameters in regions where only a single station is available.

中文翻译:

加拿大新斯科舍省达特茅斯两次小地震震源表征:突破单站极限

2020 年 3 月上旬,加拿大新斯科舍省达特茅斯市发生了一对小地震(⁠MN 2.4 和 2.6,加拿大地震局)。 200 公里范围内的三个地震台站记录了这些事件,但只有一个台站(HAL、 <10 km⁠) 足够接近以提供高质量的宽带信号。在这项研究中,我们通过波形建模使用最近的电台探索它们的源参数。具有已知全球定位系统坐标的附近采石场爆炸 (⁠MN 2.0) 被用作区域速度模型构建和位置校准的参考。我们首先通过估计爆炸的 P-S 走时差来建立半空速模型,并通过全波形建模(即,将一组合成波形与观察到的爆炸进行比较)确定近地表速度。然后使用速度模型来评估这对地震,其中波形拟合和 Rg/S 振幅比表明震源深度约为 0.7 公里。这两次地震的震中位于最近建造的商业开发区。最后,单站模板匹配在过去十年中在两次事件的震源附近没有发现类似的地震,在接下来的四个月中只有三次余震。利用地面真实爆炸和波形建模,我们的研究证明了构建详细的区域速度模型并在只有一个台站可用的地区确定准确的地震源参数的潜力。这两次地震的震中位于最近建造的商业开发区。最后,单站模板匹配在过去十年中在两次事件的震源附近没有发现类似的地震,在接下来的四个月中只有三次余震。利用地面真实爆炸和波形建模,我们的研究证明了构建详细的区域速度模型并在只有一个台站可用的地区确定准确的地震源参数的潜力。这两次地震的震中位于最近建造的商业开发区。最后,单站模板匹配在过去十年中在两次事件的震源附近没有发现类似的地震,在接下来的四个月中只有三次余震。利用地面真实爆炸和波形建模,我们的研究证明了构建详细的区域速度模型并在只有一个台站可用的地区确定准确的地震源参数的潜力。
更新日期:2021-06-28
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