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Phenol group of terpenoids is crucial for antibacterial activity upon ion leakage
Letters in Applied Microbiology ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-27 , DOI: 10.1111/lam.13529
B Ergüden 1
Affiliation  

Plant tissues are natural sources of bioactive molecules to control pathogens that cause infections in plants and humans, as they contain secondary metabolites with antibacterial activities. Especially, terpenoids are responsible for the protection of various plants against herbivores and pathogens. In this study, we studied the antibacterial activity of 12 different terpenoid or related structures in a comparative way and revealed that the phenolic terpenoids are superior to other substituted derivatives against both Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. We also aimed to analyse effect of these compounds on the bacteria cell wall structure and maintenance of homeostasis. We observed an immediate loss of cell membrane integrity and ion leakage upon treatment of both Gram-negative and Gram-positive cells with phenolic terpenoids carvacrol and thymol. After prolonged treatment, leakage of genetic material and increase of membrane permeability for molecules were also observed. Hydroxyl group of the phenol moiety was essential for this effect, since neither the O-methyl derivatives nor the benzylic partners were as effective. We thus propose that perturbation of ion homeostasis upon increase in cell wall permeability is key for the action of terpenoids against bacteria cells.

中文翻译:

酚类萜类化合物对离子泄漏时的抗菌活性至关重要

植物组织是生物活性分子的天然来源,用于控制引起植物和人类感染的病原体,因为它们含有具有抗菌活性的次级代谢产物。特别是,萜类化合物负责保护各种植物免受食草动物和病原体的侵害。在这项研究中,我们以比较的方式研究了 12 种不同萜类化合物或相关结构的抗菌活性,结果表明酚类萜类化合物对革兰氏阴性大肠杆菌和革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性均优于其他取代衍生物。细菌。我们还旨在分析这些化合物对细菌细胞壁结构和体内平衡维持的影响。我们观察到在用酚类萜类化合物香芹酚和百里酚处理革兰氏阴性和革兰氏阳性细胞后,细胞膜完整性和离子泄漏立即丧失。长期治疗后,还观察到遗传物质的泄漏和分子膜渗透性的增加。苯酚部分的羟基对于这种效果是必不可少的,因为O-甲基衍生物和苄基伙伴都没有那么有效。因此,我们提出,细胞壁通透性增加时离子稳态的扰动是萜类化合物对细菌细胞作用的关键。
更新日期:2021-06-27
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