Valvular heart disease is a common health problem affecting both sexes and all age groups. Almost all guidelines are based on studies that mainly involved male patients. The features of valvular heart diseases in women were essentially derived from small observational studies. These studies have shown that women differ from men in terms of the type of valve disease, pathology affecting the valve, perception of symptoms, parameters measured in echocardiography, response to drugs, surgical techniques, and postoperative outcomes. This review was conducted to demonstrate the uniqueness of valvular heart diseases in women and raise awareness about the need for sex-based randomized study designs to provide a piece of proper evidence to support suitable sex-based guidelines and recommendations. Moreover, it briefly describes the effects of pregnancy on women with valvular heart diseases and the impact of the latter on the course of pregnancy and the well-being of the mother and fetus. Valvular heart diseases in women are different from those in men. Sex-based guidelines for managing valvular heart diseases are needed.

中文翻译：

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女性心脏瓣膜病

瓣膜性心脏病是一种影响性别和所有年龄组的常见健康问题。几乎所有指南都基于主要涉及男性患者的研究。女性瓣膜性心脏病的特征主要来自小型观察性研究。这些研究表明，女性在瓣膜疾病的类型、影响瓣膜的病理、对症状的感知、超声心动图测量的参数、对药物的反应、手术技术和术后结果方面与男性不同。这项审查旨在证明女性瓣膜性心脏病的独特性，并提高人们对基于性别的随机研究设计的认识，以提供适当的证据来支持合适的基于性别的指南和建议。而且，它简要介绍了怀孕对患有瓣膜性心脏病的妇女的影响以及后者对怀孕过程以及母亲和胎儿健康的影响。女性的瓣膜性心脏病与男性不同。需要基于性别的瓣膜性心脏病管理指南。