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Analyzing the effects of observation function selection in ensemble Kalman filtering for epidemic models
Mathematical Biosciences ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-26 , DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2021.108655
Leah Mitchell 1 , Andrea Arnold 1
Affiliation  

The Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) is a popular sequential data assimilation method that has been increasingly used for parameter estimation and forecast prediction in epidemiological studies. The observation function plays a critical role in the EnKF framework, connecting the unknown system variables with the observed data. Key differences in observed data and modeling assumptions have led to the use of different observation functions in the epidemic modeling literature. In this work, we present a novel computational analysis demonstrating the effects of observation function selection when using the EnKF for state and parameter estimation in this setting. In examining the use of four epidemiologically-inspired observation functions of different forms in connection with the classic Susceptible–Infectious–Recovered (SIR) model, we show how incorrect observation modeling assumptions (i.e., fitting incidence data with a prevalence model, or neglecting under-reporting) can lead to inaccurate filtering estimates and forecast predictions. Results demonstrate the importance of choosing an observation function that well interprets the available data on the corresponding EnKF estimates in several filtering scenarios, including state estimation with known parameters, and combined state and parameter estimation with both constant and time-varying parameters. Numerical experiments further illustrate how modifying the observation noise covariance matrix in the filter can help to account for uncertainty in the observation function in certain cases.



中文翻译:

流行病模型集合卡尔曼滤波中观测函数选择的影响分析

集成卡尔曼滤波器 (EnKF) 是一种流行的顺序数据同化方法,越来越多地用于流行病学研究中的参数估计和预测预测。观测函数在 EnKF 框架中起着至关重要的作用,它将未知系统变量与观测数据联系起来。观测数据和建模假设的主要差异导致在流行病建模文献中使用不同的观测函数。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种新颖的计算分析,展示了在此设置中使用 EnKF 进行状态和参数估计时观察函数选择的影响。在检查与经典易感 - 传染 - 恢复(SIR)模型相关的四种不同形式的流行病学启发观察功能的使用时,我们展示了不正确的观察建模假设(即,将发病率数据与流行率模型拟合,或忽略漏报)如何导致过滤估计和预测预测不准确。结果证明了选择观察函数的重要性,该函数可以很好地解释几种过滤场景中相应 EnKF 估计的可用数据,包括具有已知参数的状态估计,以及具有恒定和时变参数的组合状态和参数估计。数值实验进一步说明了修改滤波器中的观测噪声协方差矩阵如何有助于解释某些情况下观测函数的不确定性。或忽略漏报)可能导致过滤估计和预测预测不准确。结果证明了选择观察函数的重要性,该函数可以很好地解释几种过滤场景中相应 EnKF 估计的可用数据,包括具有已知参数的状态估计,以及具有恒定和时变参数的组合状态和参数估计。数值实验进一步说明了修改滤波器中的观测噪声协方差矩阵如何有助于解释某些情况下观测函数的不确定性。或忽略漏报)可能导致过滤估计和预测预测不准确。结果证明了选择观察函数的重要性,该函数可以很好地解释几种过滤场景中相应 EnKF 估计的可用数据,包括具有已知参数的状态估计,以及具有恒定和时变参数的组合状态和参数估计。数值实验进一步说明了修改滤波器中的观测噪声协方差矩阵如何有助于解决某些情况下观测函数的不确定性。包括具有已知参数的状态估计,以及具有恒定和时变参数的组合状态和参数估计。数值实验进一步说明了修改滤波器中的观测噪声协方差矩阵如何有助于解释某些情况下观测函数的不确定性。包括具有已知参数的状态估计,以及具有恒定和时变参数的组合状态和参数估计。数值实验进一步说明了修改滤波器中的观测噪声协方差矩阵如何有助于解释某些情况下观测函数的不确定性。

更新日期:2021-07-12
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