The application of moving bed biofilm reactors is a prospective water remediation technology, but its treatment efficiency needs to be further improved. In this study, moving bed biofilm reactors were applied for ex situ remediation of polluted rivers, and medical stones were newly used for modification of polyurethane sponge filler. The porosity, water-holding capacity and apparent density of the modified filler were 8.24%, 32.74% and 5.2 times higher than non-modified filler, respectively, which is more favourable to microbial attachment and growth. The developed moving bed biofilm reactors had a good removal effect on the chemical oxygen demand, ammonia, and total nitrogen of polluted urban-river water with hydraulic retention times of 12 h, 6 h, and even 3 h. The chemical oxygen demand, ammonia, and total nitrogen removal rates of moving bed biofilm reactors containing modified filler were 88.06%, 93.67% and 67.10%, respectively, which are 4.86%, 8.89% and 9.01% higher than moving bed biofilm reactors with non-modified filler, respectively, at the shortest hydraulic retention time, 3 h. In summary, this study provides a new kind of filler for moving bed biofilm reactors in ex situ remediation of polluted urban rivers, targeting rapid removal of chemical oxygen demand, ammonia, and total nitrogen.

移动床生物膜反应器的应用是一项具有前瞻性的水修复技术，但其处理效率有待进一步提高。本研究将移动床生物膜反应器应用于受污染河流的易地修复，并将麦饭石用于聚氨酯海绵填料的改性。改性填料的孔隙率、持水量和表观密度分别比未改性填料高8.24%、32.74%和5.2倍，更有利于微生物的附着和生长。开发的移动床生物膜反应器对城市河流污染水的化学需氧量、氨和总氮具有良好的去除效果，水力停留时间为12 h、6 h，甚至3 h。化学需氧量、氨、含有改性填料的移动床生物膜反应器的总氮去除率分别为88.06%、93.67%和67.10%，分别比含有非改性填料的移动床生物膜反应器高4.86%、8.89%和9.01%。最短水力停留时间，3 h。总之，本研究为移动床生物膜反应器的污染城市河流异位修复提供了一种新型填料，旨在快速去除化学需氧量、氨和总氮。