Currently, the field of postharvest technology is a growing research area of particular interest since the increase in world population and the need to satisfy its nutritional requirements. These aspects establish a demand to produce fruits with high market quality while minimizing the losses from production to consumption stages. In the past few years, nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as a novel gasotransmitter to improve fruit postharvest shelf-life, owing to its influence on physiological processes (including fruit ripening) and on acclimation responses to stress conditions. In this review, we summarize some of the research related to the effects of NO exposure on different fruits with the aim to extend postharvest shelf-life and quality. The protection against chilling injury and postharvest diseases are addressed. The mechanisms of NO action and its interactions with other phytohormones are analyzed. Finally, the potential use of NO donors (and other strategies destined to enhance its levels) with a technological scope is also discussed.

目前，由于世界人口的增加和满足其营养需求的需要，收获后技术领域是一个日益增长的特别感兴趣的研究领域。这些方面建立了生产具有高市场质量的水果的需求，同时最大限度地减少从生产到消费阶段的损失。在过去几年中，一氧化氮 (NO) 已成为一种新型的气体传输剂，可改善果实采后货架期，因为它对生理过程（包括果实成熟）和对胁迫条件的驯化反应有影响。在这篇综述中，我们总结了一些与 NO 暴露对不同水果的影响相关的研究，旨在延长收获后的保质期和质量。解决了防止冷害和收获后疾病的问题。分析了 NO 作用的机制及其与其他植物激素的相互作用。最后，还讨论了在技术范围内使用 NO 供体（以及其他旨在提高其水平的策略）的潜在用途。