Environmental concerns arising from the release of greenhouse gases have stimulated the search for more sustainable technologies, including bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass. However, the rigid and complex structure of this biomass means that lignocellulosic biomass conversion to bioethanol requires numerous stages, such as pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation, not to mention the underlying costs and time, especially during enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. For all these reasons, this technology still is not attractive for industrial use. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) has helped to optimize the bioethanol production stages with a view to obtaining an economical process and to improving process efficiency. This review presents an overview of RSM and analyzes how this tool can be applied to study and to optimize the factors that influence lignocellulosic biomass pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain sugars, and sugar fermentation for ethanol production.

温室气体排放引起的环境问题刺激了对更可持续技术的探索，包括从木质纤维素生物质中生产生物乙醇。然而，这种生物质的刚性和复杂结构意味着将木质纤维素生物质转化为生物乙醇需要许多阶段，例如预处理、酶解和发酵，更不用说潜在的成本和时间，尤其是在酶解和发酵过程中。由于所有这些原因，这项技术对工业用途仍然没有吸引力。响应面方法 (RSM) 有助于优化生物乙醇生产阶段，以期获得经济的工艺并提高工艺效率。