Research and development on superhydrophobic carbon nanostructures and their nanocomposites have high industrial significance. Here, a comprehensive review of the topic is provided. Reported works on superhydrophobic surfaces and coatings of carbon nanotubes, nanofibres, nanospheres/nanothorns/others, nanodiamond, fullerene and their various nanocomposites with metals, ceramics, and polymers are described. Superhydrophobic nanostructured carbon soot, graphitic carbon, and others are also presented. The section on superhydrophobic graphene is presented concisely at the end. Reports in different application areas, including anti-corrosion, anti-icing, oil separation, anti-biofouling, and sensors, are discussed separately. Superoleophobic and superamphiphobic surfaces are also discussed. Graphical abstract

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基于碳纳米结构的超疏水表面和涂层

研究和开发超疏水碳纳米结构及其纳米复合材料具有很高的工业意义。在这里，提供了对该主题的全面审查。描述了关于超疏水表面和碳纳米管、纳米纤维、纳米球/纳米角/其他、纳米金刚石、富勒烯和它们与金属、陶瓷和聚合物的各种纳米复合材料的涂层的工作。还介绍了超疏水纳米结构碳烟灰、石墨碳等。最后简要介绍了超疏水石墨烯部分。不同应用领域的报告，包括防腐、防冰、油分离、防生物污垢和传感器，将单独讨论。还讨论了超疏油和超疏水表面。图形概要