This work aimed to assess the biomechanics, using the finite element method (FEM), of traditional titanium Morse taper (MT) dental implants compared to one-piece implants composed of zirconia, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK (CFR-PEEK), or glass fiber-reinforced PEEK (GFR-PEEK). MT and one-piece dental implants were modeled within a mandibular bone section and loaded on an oblique force using FEM. A MT implant system involving a Ti6Al4V abutment and a cp-Ti grade IV implant was compared to one-piece implants composed of cp-Ti grade IV, zirconia (3Y-TZP), PEEK, CFR-PEEK, or GFR-PEEK. Stress on bone and implants was computed and analyzed while bone remodeling prediction was evaluated considering equivalent strain. In comparison to one-piece implants, the traditional MT implant revealed higher stress peak (112 MPa). The maximum stresses on the one-piece implants reached ~80 MPa, regardless their chemical composition. MT implant induced lower bone stimulus, although excessive bone strain was recorded for PEEK implants. Balanced strain levels were noticed for reinforced PEEK implants of which CFR-PEEK one-piece implants showed proper biomechanical behavior. Balanced strain levels might induce bone remodeling at the peri-implant region while maintaining low risks of mechanical failures. However, the strength of the PEEK-based composite materials is still low for long-term clinical performance.

中文翻译：

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由钛、氧化锆、PEEK、CFR-PEEK 或 GFR-PEEK 组成的一体式牙科植入物的生物力学分析：通过有限元法预测应力、应变和骨重塑

这项工作旨在使用有限元法 (FEM) 评估传统钛莫氏锥 (MT) 牙种植体与由氧化锆、聚醚醚酮 (PEEK)、碳纤维增强 PEEK (CFR- PEEK) 或玻璃纤维增​​强 PEEK (GFR-PEEK)。MT 和一体式牙科植入物在下颌骨部分内建模，并使用 FEM 加载斜向力。将包含 Ti6Al4V 基台和 cp-Ti IV 级种植体的 MT 种植体系统与由 cp-Ti IV 级、氧化锆 (3Y-TZP)、PEEK、CFR-PEEK 或 GFR-PEEK 组成的一体式种植体进行了比较。计算和分析骨骼和植入物上的应力，同时考虑等效应变评估骨骼重塑预测。与一件式种植体相比，传统的 MT 种植体显示出更高的应力峰值 (112 MPa)。一件式植入物的最大应力达到约 80 MPa，无论其化学成分如何。尽管 PEEK 植入物记录了过度的骨应变，但 MT 植入物诱导了较低的骨刺激。对于增强型 PEEK 植入物，我们注意到平衡的应变水平，其中 CFR-PEEK 一体式植入物显示出适当的生物力学行为。平衡的应变水平可能会在种植体周围区域引起骨重塑，同时保持较低的机械故障风险。然而，PEEK 基复合材料的强度对于长期临床性能仍然较低。对于增强型 PEEK 植入物，我们注意到平衡的应变水平，其中 CFR-PEEK 一体式植入物显示出适当的生物力学行为。平衡的应变水平可能会在种植体周围区域引起骨重塑，同时保持较低的机械故障风险。然而，PEEK 基复合材料的强度对于长期临床性能仍然较低。对于增强型 PEEK 植入物，我们注意到平衡的应变水平，其中 CFR-PEEK 一体式植入物显示出适当的生物力学行为。平衡的应变水平可能会在种植体周围区域引起骨重塑，同时保持较低的机械故障风险。然而，PEEK 基复合材料的强度对于长期临床性能仍然较低。