Cancer is a major public health concern due to high mortality and poor quality of life of patients. Despite the availability of advanced therapeutic interventions, most treatment modalities are not efficacious, very expensive, and cause several adverse side effects. The factors such as drug resistance, lack of specificity, and low efficacy of the cancer drugs necessitate developing alternative strategies for the prevention and treatment of this disease. Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated chalcone present in Hop (Humulus lupulus), has been found to possess prominent activities against aging, diabetes, inflammation, microbial infection, and cancer. Thus, this manuscript thoroughly reviews the literature on the anti-cancer properties of XN and its various molecular targets. XN was found to exert its inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of cancer cells via modulation of multiple signaling pathways such as Akt, AMPK, ERK, IGFBP2, NF-κB, and STAT3, and also modulates various proteins such as Notch1, caspases, MMPs, Bcl-2, cyclin D1, oxidative stress markers, tumor-suppressor proteins, and miRNAs. Thus, these reports suggest that XN possesses enormous therapeutic potential against various cancers and could be potentially used as a multi-targeted anti-cancer agent with minimal adverse effects.

中文翻译：

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啤酒花黄腐酚：预防和治疗癌症的希望

由于患者的高死亡率和较差的生活质量，癌症是一个主要的公共卫生问题。尽管可以使用先进的治疗干预措施，但大多数治疗方式并不有效，非常昂贵，并且会引起一些不良副作用。癌症药物的耐药性、缺乏特异性和低疗效等因素需要开发替代策略来预防和治疗这种疾病。黄腐酚 (XN)，一种存在于啤酒花 ( Humulus lupulus ) 中的异戊烯化查尔酮)，已被发现具有抗衰老、糖尿病、炎症、微生物感染和癌症的显着活性。因此，这份手稿彻底回顾了有关 XN 及其各种分子靶点的抗癌特性的文献。XN 被发现通过调节 Akt、AMPK、ERK、IGFBP2、NF-κB 和 STAT3 等多种信号通路对癌细胞的生长和增殖发挥抑制作用，并调节 Notch1、半胱天冬酶、 MMPs、Bcl-2、cyclin D1、氧化应激标志物、肿瘤抑制蛋白和 miRNAs。因此，这些报告表明，XN 对各种癌症具有巨大的治疗潜力，并且可能被用作具有最小副作用的多靶点抗癌剂。