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Complex changes of extreme precipitation in the warming climate of Poland
International Journal of Climatology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-26 , DOI: 10.1002/joc.7274
Iwona Pińskwar 1
Affiliation  

This article examined changes in observed precipitation extremes in Poland in 1959–2018. The study period was divided into two parts: 1959–1988 and 1989–2018, in order to examine whether extreme events have changed with warming. The return intervals (2-; 5-; 10- and 15-year) of maximum 24 hr precipitation for autumn for period 1989–2018 have shortened in reference to 1959–1988. Also during spring, return periods of 2-, 5- and 10-year have decreased, while for winter: 10- and 15-year return intervals have shortened. Exceedance analysis above the values of the 95th and 99th percentiles of precipitation during rainy days for the reference period 1971–2000 jointly with daily mean temperatures above 5°C was conducted in two ways. Using one threshold for all the temperature ranges, the number of days above the 95th (99th) percentile for years 1989–2018 was found to be lower (higher) than for 1959–1988. Examination of values above the highest percentiles for every temperature range separately indicated that the number of days above both percentiles decreased while the mean intensity increased for 1989–2018. Total precipitation amount above the 95th percentile decreased, but above the 99th percentile increased. Also, finally the sensitivity of precipitation to temperature was examined: the scaling factor was calculated on the basis of pairs of 99th percentile of precipitation and daily mean temperature above 5°C and results show higher values for the warmer period, 1989–2018 (6.06%/°C) in comparison to 1959–1988 (5.26%/°C). Also, the relationship of four indices of precipitation with annual mean temperature was obtained with rather negative results and association with annual dew point temperature, where positive values of the Pearson correlation dominated. The results obtained in this study indicate increases in more extreme precipitation, that is, in 99th more than in 95th percentile, along with the progressing global warming.

中文翻译:

波兰气候变暖中极端降水的复杂变化

本文研究了 1959-2018 年波兰观测到的极端降水的变化。研究期间分为两个部分:1959-1988 年和 1989-2018 年,以检查极端事件是否随着变暖而发生变化。与 1959-1988 年相比,1989-2018 年秋季最大 24 小时降水的回归间隔(2 年、5 年、10 年和 15 年)有所缩短。同样在春季,2 年、5 年和 10 年的重现期缩短了,而冬季:10 年和 15 年的重现期缩短了。以两种方式对 1971-2000 年参考期间雨天降水量的第 95 和第 99 百分位数以及日平均温度高于 5°C 的值进行了超出分析。对所有温度范围使用一个阈值,发现 1989-2018 年高于第 95 (99) 个百分位的天数低于(高于)1959-1988 年。分别检查每个温度范围的最高百分位数以上的值表明,1989-2018 年,高于两个百分位数的天数减少,而平均强度增加。95%以上的总降水量减少,99%以上的降水量增加。此外,最后检查了降水对温度的敏感性:比例因子是根据降水的第 99 个百分位数和高于 5°C 的日平均温度对计算的,结果显示 1989-2018 年较暖期的值更高(6.06 %/°C) 与 1959–1988 (5.26%/°C) 相比。还,四个降水指标与年平均气温的关系为负相关,且与年露点温度相关,其中皮尔逊相关性的正值占主导地位。在这项研究中获得的结果表明,随着全球变暖的加剧,极端降水量增加,即比 95% 多 99%。
更新日期:2021-06-26
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