The shortage of clean water sources and increase of demand for fresh water have become as major global challenges not only in industries but also inhuman life. Meanwhile, membrane technology has been extensively noticed due to high separation efficiency, energy-saving and environmentally-friendly characteristic. So, development of new membrane is a vital step in advancing of membrane application in water-treatment. This paper presents a comprehensive review on development of high-performance nanofiltration membrane based on nanotechnology for wastewater treatment. Application of new nanomaterials has enabled fabrication of NF-membranes with improved separation properties for pollutants removal from water. Recognizing that conventional membranes are not necessarily suitable for industrial applications and/or process intensifications many attempts were made recently to use of nanomaterials into NF-membranes, aiming to overcome trade-off relationship between flux/selectivity and to improve their stability. So, development of new structured nanomaterial with desirable properties is one of most crucial research topics for membrane researchers. Accordingly, an overview on different methods to design of advanced nanomaterial presented that allow us to overcome their inherent problems in membranes fabrication such as agglomeration, defects formation, insufficient pores’ tuning, poor active sites and anti-fouling properties; however, selection of appropriate nanomaterials is a challenge of utmost difficulty. Various types of nanomaterials such as zeolites, carbon based, framework (MOF/ZIF/COF), nano-biopolymers and special nanoparticles such as SFNPs, SFNCs, POSS, ZCPs, and nickel hydroxide nanosheet are presented and their roles in NF-transport are discussed as well as strategies for surface modification of nanoparticles to promoting their surface charges density. Moreover, fabrication methods of nano enhanced NF-membranes including layer by layer assembly, hollow fiber spinning, electrospinning of nanofibers, construction of thin-film nanocomposite besides blending, co-polymerization; cross-linking and grafting techniques are discussed. A proper view for selection of appropriate nanoparticles in membrane fabrication is offered while considering types of pollutants to be removed.

清洁水源的短缺和对淡水的需求增加已成为全球性的主要挑战，不仅是工业领域，也是非人类生活的挑战。同时，膜技术因其分离效率高、节能环保等特点而受到广泛关注。因此，开发新型膜是推进膜在水处理中应用的重要一步。本文对基于纳米技术的用于污水处理的高性能纳滤膜的开发进行了全面综述。新型纳米材料的应用使得能够制造出具有改进分离性能的 NF 膜，以去除水中的污染物。认识到传统膜不一定适合工业应用和/或过程强化，最近进行了许多尝试将纳米材料用于 NF 膜，旨在克服通量/选​​择性之间的权衡关系并提高其稳定性。因此，开发具有理想特性的新型结构纳米材料是膜研究人员最重要的研究课题之一。因此，概述了设计先进纳米材料的不同方法，使我们能够克服它们在膜制造中的固有问题，例如团聚、缺陷形成、孔调节不足、活性位点差和防污性能；然而，选择合适的纳米材料是一个非常困难的挑战。各种类型的纳米材料，如沸石、介绍了碳基、骨架 (MOF/ZIF/COF)、纳米生物聚合物和特殊纳米粒子，如 SFNP、SFNC、POSS、ZCP 和氢氧化镍纳米片，并讨论了它们在 NF 传输中的作用以及表面改性的策略纳米粒子以提高其表面电荷密度。此外，纳米增强NF膜的制备方法除共混、共聚外，还包括逐层组装、中空纤维纺丝、纳米纤维静电纺丝、薄膜纳米复合材料的构建；讨论了交联和接枝技术。在考虑要去除的污染物类型的同时，提供了在膜制造中选择合适的纳米颗粒的正确观点。介绍了氢氧化镍纳米片，讨论了它们在 NF 传输中的作用以及纳米粒子表面改性以提高其表面电荷密度的策略。此外，纳米增强NF膜的制备方法除共混、共聚外，还包括逐层组装、中空纤维纺丝、纳米纤维静电纺丝、薄膜纳米复合材料的构建；讨论了交联和接枝技术。在考虑要去除的污染物类型的同时，提供了在膜制造中选择合适的纳米颗粒的正确观点。介绍了氢氧化镍纳米片，讨论了它们在 NF 传输中的作用以及纳米粒子表面改性以提高其表面电荷密度的策略。此外，纳米增强NF膜的制备方法除共混、共聚外，还包括逐层组装、中空纤维纺丝、纳米纤维静电纺丝、薄膜纳米复合材料的构建；讨论了交联和接枝技术。在考虑要去除的污染物类型的同时，提供了在膜制造中选择合适的纳米颗粒的正确观点。纳米增强NF膜的制备方法除共混、共聚外，还包括逐层组装、中空纤维纺丝、纳米纤维静电纺丝、薄膜纳米复合材料的构建；讨论了交联和接枝技术。在考虑要去除的污染物类型的同时，提供了在膜制造中选择合适的纳米颗粒的正确观点。纳米增强NF膜的制备方法，除共混、共聚外，还包括逐层组装、中空纤维纺丝、纳米纤维静电纺丝、薄膜纳米复合材料的构建；讨论了交联和接枝技术。在考虑要去除的污染物类型的同时，提供了在膜制造中选择合适的纳米颗粒的正确观点。