The objective of the present paper is to explore the relationship between perceived gender stereotyping and women’s entrepreneurial aspirations. Two studies were conducted. Study 1 was based on a sample of 64 U.S. undergraduate students and focused on the direct and indirect roles of perceived gender stereotyping on entrepreneurial aspirations. Study 2 was based on a sample of 100 mostly working U.S. graduate students and focused on venture preferences and their moderators. Findings establish that experiencing gender stereotypes is not only negatively associated with women’s entrepreneurial aspirations, but also interferes with the positive influence of self-efficacy and prior entrepreneurial exposure on women’s entrepreneurial aspirations. Results also show that perceived gender stereotyping affects the type of ventures women prefer to start, compelling women away from more agentic type growth-oriented ventures and toward more communal type ventures. The effects of moderators were explored showing that the presence of men as role models and in the workplace are both associated with lower likelihood that the potential woman entrepreneur will pursue growth ventures. Overall, the research supports the notion that stereotype threat constitutes a useful lens to view women’s participation in entrepreneurship.

本文的目的是探讨感知到的性别刻板印象与女性创业愿望之间的关系。进行了两项研究。研究 1 以 64 名美国本科生为样本，重点关注性别刻板印象对创业抱负的直接和间接作用。研究 2 基于 100 名主要在职美国研究生的样本，重点关注风险偏好及其主持人。研究结果表明，经历性别刻板印象不仅与女性的创业愿望呈负相关，而且会干扰自我效能感和先前的创业经历对女性创业愿望的积极影响。结果还表明，感知到的性别刻板印象会影响女性更喜欢开始的企业类型，迫使女性远离更多以代理型增长为导向的企业，而转向更多的社区型企业。对主持人的影响进行了探索，表明男性作为榜样和在工作场所的存在都与潜在女性企业家追求成长型企业的可能性降低有关。总体而言，该研究支持这样一种观点，即刻板印象威胁构成了观察女性参与创业的有用视角。