This paper theoretically investigates the optical noise characteristics of the simultaneous ground-state (GS) and excited-state (ES) lasing quantum dot lasers. The optical noise dynamics of both states are analysed through coupling the Langevin noise sources into a set of coupled rate equations. It is pointed out that the ES emission significantly changes the evolution scenario of the relative intensity noise, the frequency noise (spectral linewidth), and the linewidth broadening factor of the GS emission, as a function of the bias current. In the vicinity of the ES lasing threshold, the relative intensity noise and the frequency noise of the GS emission is lower than those of ES emission. However, the linewidth broadening factor of the GS emission is larger than the latter.

中文翻译：

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双态激光量子点激光器的光噪声

本文从理论上研究了同时基态 (GS) 和激发态 (ES) 激光量子点激光器的光学噪声特性。通过将朗之万噪声源耦合到一组耦合速率方程中来分析两种状态的光学噪声动力学。指出 ES 发射显着改变了相对强度噪声、频率噪声（光谱线宽）和 GS 发射的线宽加宽因子的演变情况，作为偏置电流的函数。在ES激光阈值附近，GS发射的相对强度噪声和频率噪声低于ES发射。然而，GS发射的线宽展宽因子大于后者。