The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) greatly improves the traffic environment and life efficiency using messages shared between vehicles. However, due to its complex network structure and high mobility, the messages shared between vehicles are not always reliable. To this, we propose a trust management system of IoV based on blockchain, which formalizes a complete vehicle reputation value calculation scheme to deal with the problem of calculating the credibility of messages. The proposed scheme can detect vehicles that send malicious messages and reduce their reputation values for punishing according to the rating mechanism. In addition, we design a blockchain-based data storage system that can prevent attackers from tampering with the reputation values stored in roadside units (RSUs). In view of the lack of calculation basis when roadside units verify the block, we also store the rating list it. Finally, we use the consensus mechanism that combines PoW and PoS to ensure that vehicles with a large change in reputation can be updated to the blockchain first. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme has an obvious limitation on malicious vehicles, and improves the accuracy of the vehicles’ judgment of events based on the received messages.

中文翻译：

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基于区块链的车联网信任管理

车联网（IoV）利用车辆之间共享的信息极大地改善了交通环境和生活效率。然而，由于其复杂的网络结构和高移动性，车辆之间共享的消息并不总是可靠的。对此，我们提出了基于区块链的车联网信任管理系统，形式化了完整的车辆信誉值计算方案，以解决消息可信度计算问题。所提出的方案可以检测发送恶意消息的车辆，并根据评级机制降低其声誉值以进行惩罚。此外，我们设计了一个基于区块链的数据存储系统，可以防止攻击者篡改存储在路边单元 (RSU) 中的声誉值。鉴于路边单位验证区块时缺乏计算依据，我们也将评级列表存储在其中。最后，我们使用 PoW 和 PoS 相结合的共识机制，确保声誉变化较大的车辆可以先更新到区块链。仿真结果表明，该方案对恶意车辆具有明显的局限性，提高了车辆基于接收到的消息判断事件的准确性。