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Synergy between Microwave Radiation and Silver Ions or Nanoparticles for Inactivating Legionella pneumophila
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-25 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.1c00371 Craig Ayres 1 , Desmond F. Lawler 1 , Mary Jo Kirisits 1 , Navid B. Saleh 1
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-25 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.1c00371 Craig Ayres 1 , Desmond F. Lawler 1 , Mary Jo Kirisits 1 , Navid B. Saleh 1
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The focus on waterborne etiological agents in the developed world has shifted recently from enteric bacteria to opportunistic human pathogens. Of particular interest is the opportunistic pathogen Legionella pneumophila (Lp), which can cause legionellosis. Biofilms within premise plumbing systems facilitate the persistence and growth of Lp. Thus, point-of-use treatment approaches that are effective against such opportunistic pathogens are needed. The objective of this study is to evaluate Lp inactivation by utilizing potential synergy between microwave (MW) radiation and silver [Ag+ and/or silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)]. Lp inactivation can be achieved by the following mechanisms. (i) Initial association of AgNPs with cells, when followed by MW irradiation, causes localized heating. (ii) Pre-exposure to MW radiation weakens the membrane and, when followed by Ag+ exposure (directly dosed or released from AgNPs), results in increased Ag+ uptake. (iii) Simultaneous exposure to MW radiation and AgNPs can also lead to localized heating. In these combination treatments, including simultaneous and sequential exposure to silver and MW radiation, Ag+ is more effective than AgNPs. The synergy between MW radiation and silver could be used to create a point-of-use device that effectively inactivates Lp, thereby overcoming the limitations of chlorine at combating this organism.
中文翻译：
微波辐射与银离子或纳米粒子协同灭活嗜肺军团菌
发达国家对水性病原体的关注最近已从肠道细菌转移到机会性人类病原体。特别令人感兴趣的是机会性病原体嗜肺军团菌(Lp)，它会导致军团菌病。室内管道系统内的生物膜促进 Lp 的持久性和生长。因此，需要对此类机会性病原体有效的使用点治疗方法。本研究的目的是通过利用微波 (MW) 辐射和银 [Ag +和/或银纳米粒子（AgNPs）]。Lp 灭活可以通过以下机制实现。(i) AgNPs 与细胞的初始结合，随后进行 MW 照射，会导致局部加热。(ii) 预先暴露于 MW 辐射会削弱膜，当随后的 Ag +暴露（直接剂量或从 AgNPs 释放）时，会导致 Ag +吸收增加。(iii) 同时暴露于 MW 辐射和 AgNPs 也会导致局部加热。在这些组合处理中，包括同时和顺序暴露于银和 MW 辐射，Ag +比 AgNPs 更有效。MW 辐射和银之间的协同作用可用于创建有效灭活 Lp 的使用点装置，从而克服氯在对抗这种生物体方面的局限性。
更新日期：2021-07-13
中文翻译：
微波辐射与银离子或纳米粒子协同灭活嗜肺军团菌
发达国家对水性病原体的关注最近已从肠道细菌转移到机会性人类病原体。特别令人感兴趣的是机会性病原体嗜肺军团菌(Lp)，它会导致军团菌病。室内管道系统内的生物膜促进 Lp 的持久性和生长。因此，需要对此类机会性病原体有效的使用点治疗方法。本研究的目的是通过利用微波 (MW) 辐射和银 [Ag +和/或银纳米粒子（AgNPs）]。Lp 灭活可以通过以下机制实现。(i) AgNPs 与细胞的初始结合，随后进行 MW 照射，会导致局部加热。(ii) 预先暴露于 MW 辐射会削弱膜，当随后的 Ag +暴露（直接剂量或从 AgNPs 释放）时，会导致 Ag +吸收增加。(iii) 同时暴露于 MW 辐射和 AgNPs 也会导致局部加热。在这些组合处理中，包括同时和顺序暴露于银和 MW 辐射，Ag +比 AgNPs 更有效。MW 辐射和银之间的协同作用可用于创建有效灭活 Lp 的使用点装置，从而克服氯在对抗这种生物体方面的局限性。
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