When other measures for material conditions are scarce or unreliable, the use of height is now common to evaluate economic conditions during economic development. However, throughout US economic development, height data by gender have been slow to emerge. Throughout the late 19th and early 20th centuries, female and male statures remained constant. Agricultural workers had taller statures than workers in other occupations, and the female agricultural height premium was over twice that of males. For both females and males, individuals with fairer complexions were taller than their darker complexioned counterparts. Gender collectively had the greatest explanatory effect associated with stature, followed by age and nativity. Socioeconomic status and birth period had the smallest collective effects with stature.

当其他物质条件的衡量标准稀缺或不可靠时，现在普遍使用高度来评估经济发展过程中的经济条件。然而，在整个美国经济发展过程中，按性别划分的身高数据出现缓慢。整个 19日末和 20日初几个世纪以来，女性和男性的身材保持不变。农业工人的身材比其他职业的工人高，女性农业身高溢价是男性的两倍多。对于女性和男性来说，肤色较白的人比肤色较深的人高。性别总体上对与身高相关的解释影响最大，其次是年龄和出生。社会经济地位和出生时期对身高的集体影响最小。