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Housing Affordability Crisis and Inequities of Land Use Change
Journal of the American Planning Association ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-24 , DOI: 10.1080/01944363.2021.1911673
Ajay Garde , Qi Song

Abstract

Problem, research strategy, and findings

Many fast-growing metropolitan regions face a housing affordability crisis that necessitates cities change their land use policies to address this problem. How do cities in metropolitan regions change their land use policies to equitably address the region’s housing needs? We focused on 180 cities in the Southern California region, which has a shortage of housing for all income groups and a severe shortage of affordable housing. We first examined the region-wide distribution of land uses and evaluated whether land use portfolios of cities are associated with their populations’ socioeconomic characteristics using cluster analysis and one-way analysis of variance. Next, we examined land use change by cities and measured the “weakening” (a reduction in cities’ share of residential land use for multifamily housing from 2008 to 2016) and “exclusiveness” (cities’ share of residential land use for single-family housing in 2016) of their land use portfolios. We revealed inequities in the region-wide distribution of multifamily land use, found an association between land use portfolios of cities and their populations’ socioeconomic characteristics, and thus conclude that land use change by cities inequitably addresses the region’s housing needs. We did not, however, examine the effects of land use change on housing production or affordability, which could provide further insights.

Takeaway for practice

Our findings suggest that a) California’s state government should require cities to reform their land use policies to mitigate the region-wide inequities in the distribution of multifamily housing and to equitably address the housing affordability crisis and b) researchers could similarly evaluate land use portfolios of cities in other metropolitan regions to suggest how to equitably address the region’s housing needs.



中文翻译:

住房负担能力危机和土地利用变化的不平等

摘要

问题、研究策略和发现

许多快速发展的大都市区面临住房负担能力危机,迫使城市改变其土地使用政策来解决这个问题。大都市地区的城市如何改变其土地使用政策以公平解决该地区的住房需求?我们重点关注了南加州地区的 180 个城市,这些城市对所有收入群体都存在住房短缺问题,而且经济适用房严重短缺。我们首先检查了土地利用的区域范围分布,并使用聚类分析和方差的单向分析评估了城市的土地利用组合是否与其人口的社会经济特征相关。下一个,我们检查了城市的土地利用变化,并衡量了“弱化”(2008 年至 2016 年城市用于多户住宅的住宅用地份额减少)和“排他性”(城市用于独栋住宅的住宅用地份额在2016)他们的土地使用组合。我们揭示了多户家庭土地利用在区域范围内的分布不公平,发现城市的土地利用组合与其人口的社会经济特征之间存在关联,因此得出结论,城市的土地利用变化不公平地解决了该地区的住房需求。然而,我们没有研究土地利用变化对住房生产或负担能力的影响,这可以提供进一步的见解。我们揭示了多户家庭土地利用在区域范围内的分布不公平,发现城市的土地利用组合与其人口的社会经济特征之间存在关联,因此得出结论,城市的土地利用变化不公平地解决了该地区的住房需求。然而,我们没有研究土地利用变化对住房生产或负担能力的影响,这可以提供进一步的见解。我们揭示了多户家庭土地利用在区域范围内的分布不公平,发现城市的土地利用组合与其人口的社会经济特征之间存在关联,因此得出结论,城市的土地利用变化不公平地解决了该地区的住房需求。然而,我们没有研究土地利用变化对住房生产或负担能力的影响,这可以提供进一步的见解。

外卖练习

我们的研究结果表明,a) 加利福尼亚州政府应要求各城市改革其土地使用政策,以减轻多户住宅分配方面的区域性不平等,并公平解决住房负担能力危机;b) 研究人员可以类似地评估其他大都市区的城市建议如何公平地解决该地区的住房需求。

更新日期:2021-06-24
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