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Response to stress in biological disorders: Implications of stress granule assembly and function
Cell Proliferation ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-25 , DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13086
Lingjuan Wang 1 , Weina Yang 1 , Bin Li 2, 3 , Shuiqiao Yuan 1 , Fengli Wang 1
Affiliation  

It is indispensable for cells to adapt and respond to environmental stresses, in order for organisms to survive. Stress granules (SGs) are condensed membrane-less organelles dynamically formed in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes cells to cope with diverse intracellular or extracellular stress factors, with features of liquid-liquid phase separation. They are composed of multiple constituents, including translationally stalled mRNAs, translation initiation factors, RNA-binding proteins and also non-RNA-binding proteins. SG formation is triggered by stress stimuli, viral infection and signal transduction, while aberrant assembly of SGs may contribute to tissue degenerative diseases. Recently, a growing body of evidence has emerged on SG response mechanisms for cells facing high temperatures, oxidative stress and osmotic stress. In this review, we aim to summarize factors affecting SGs assembly, present the impact of SGs on germ cell development and other biological processes. We particularly emphasize the significance of recently reported RNA modifications in SG stress responses. In parallel, we also review all current perspectives on the roles of SGs in male germ cells, with a particular focus on the dynamics of SG assembly.

中文翻译:

生物障碍对压力的反应:压力颗粒组装和功能的影响

为了让生物体生存,细胞必须适应和应对环境压力。应激颗粒(SGs​​)是在真核细胞的细胞质中动态形成的凝聚的无膜细胞器,以应对各种细胞内或细胞外应激因素,具有液-液相分离的特点。它们由多种成分组成,包括翻译停滞的 mRNA、翻译起始因子、RNA 结合蛋白以及非 RNA 结合蛋白。SG 的形成是由压力刺激、病毒感染和信号转导触发的,而 SG 的异常组装可能会导致组织退行性疾病。最近,越来越多的证据表明细胞面临高温、氧化应激和渗透应激的 SG 反应机制。在这次审查中,我们旨在总结影响 SGs 组装的因素,介绍 SGs 对生殖细胞发育和其他生物过程的影响。我们特别强调最近报道的 RNA 修饰在 SG 应激反应中的重要性。同时,我们还回顾了当前关于 SG 在男性生殖细胞中的作用的所有观点,特别关注 SG 组装的动力学。
更新日期:2021-08-09
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