Despite that poly (lactic acid) (PLA) has satisfactory biodegradation in vivo, its application in biomedicine is restricted due to its unsatisfactory cytocompatibility. Silk fiber (SF) has outstanding biocompatibility and silk fibroin protein obtained from silk by degumming has good hydrophilicity. Therefore, combining the PLA and silk can improve hydrophilicity of PLA to apply as biomedical materials. In this study, different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) were used to separate the silk to obtain multiscale silk fibers (MSFs), which were implanted into the PLA electrospun fibrous membranes (EFMs). The morphology and structure of silk fibers separated by different concentrations of NaClO were studied by Zetasizer Nano ZS, UV spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, the biocompatibility of the surface-modified PLA composite membranes by MSFs was investigated by cell cultivation and proliferation. The results showed that the surface-modified PLA EFMs through MSF bundles obtained from NaClO split silk exhibited a certain improvement on PLA hydrophilicity and enhancement on cellular compatibility, which could have a broad prospect in the practical application of biomedical materials.

尽管聚乳酸（PLA）在体内具有令人满意的生物降解性，但由于其细胞相容性不令人满意，其在生物医学中的应用受到限制。蚕丝纤维（SF）具有优异的生物相容性，脱胶蚕丝得到的丝素蛋白具有良好的亲水性。因此，将PLA与蚕丝结合可以提高PLA的亲水性，作为生物医学材料的应用。在这项研究中，不同浓度的次氯酸钠 (NaClO) 用于分离丝以获得多尺度丝纤维 (MSF)，并将其植入 PLA 电纺纤维膜 (EFM)。采用Zetasizer Nano ZS、紫外光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜研究了不同浓度NaClO分离后的蚕丝纤维的形貌和结构。此外，通过细胞培养和增殖研究了 MSF 表面改性 PLA 复合膜的生物相容性。结果表明，通过 NaClO 裂丝获得的 MSF 束表面改性的 PLA EFMs 对 PLA 亲水性有一定的改善，并增强了细胞相容性，在生物医学材料的实际应用中具有广阔的前景。