The large deformation of deep soft rock roadways and the corresponding support technology are important to the coal mining industry. This study investigated the large deformation mechanism and the concrete-filled steel tubular support technology of a ventilation shaft roadway (VSR) on the basis of a well-documented engineering case. The mechanical parameters of the rock surrounding the VSR were evaluated in accordance with the geological strength index, and the failure modes of the VSR were summarized and analyzed on the basis of geological background and field survey results. The VSR exhibited asymmetrical deformation and the fracture of the 29U-shaped steel support at the side and vault. The deformation, stress, and plastic zone of the VSR without support and with the original support scheme were investigated using the Three-Dimensional Distinct Element Code, and the depth of the plastic zone was verified in accordance with the equivalent radius theory. Dramatic and multiple disturbances, the low strength of the surrounding rock, and the insufficient strength of the support caused the deformation of the VSR. The bottom of the two side walls of the original roadway was prone to inward deformation. Thus, the shape of the original roadway section was optimized by converting it from a straight wall with a semi-circular arch into an inclined wall with a semi-circular arch. A composite concrete-filled steel tubular support scheme is proposed and can be divided into active and passive support. The composite support scheme was verified through numerical simulation and a field application. The monitoring results obtained from the numerical simulation and on-site analysis reveal that the composite support scheme can control the large deformation of the VSR.

深部软岩巷道大变形及相应的支护技术对煤矿行业具有重要意义。本研究基于一个有据可查的工程案例，研究了通风井巷 (VSR) 的大变形机制和钢管混凝土支护技术。根据地质强度指标对VSR围岩的力学参数进行评价，并根据地质背景和现场勘察结果，对VSR的破坏模式进行总结分析。VSR 表现出不对称变形和侧面和拱顶的 29U 型钢支撑断裂。变形、应力、使用三维不同单元代码研究了无支撑和原始支撑方案的VSR的塑性区和塑性区，并根据等效半径理论验证了塑性区的深度。扰动剧烈、多次扰动、围岩强度低、支护强度不足导致VSR变形。原巷道两侧壁底部容易向内变形。因此，通过将具有半圆拱的直壁转换为具有半圆拱的斜壁来优化原始巷道断面的形状。提出了一种复合钢管混凝土支护方案，可分为主动支护和被动支护。通过数值模拟和现场应用验证了复合支撑方案。数值模拟和现场分析的监测结果表明，复合支撑方案可以控制VSR的大变形。