Patients with profound bilateral deafness (BD) are prone to suffering from tinnitus, which further leads to psychological comorbidities and makes it more difficult for patients to communicate with people. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of cochlear implants (CIs) on tinnitus distress and psychological comorbidities in patients with profound BD. This multicenter retrospective study reviewed 51 patients with severe postlingual BD who underwent cochlear implantation; 49 patients underwent unilateral cochlear implantation, and 2 patients underwent bilateral cochlear implantation. The patients were asked to complete all the questionnaires, including the tinnitus handicap inventory (THI), the visual analog scale (VAS) score, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Questionnaire (HADS), the Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP), and the Speech Intelligibility Rating (SIR), at least 4 months after implantation when the CI was on or off, in approximately May-June 2019. In our study, 94% (48/51) of BD patients suffered from tinnitus before CI, and 77% (37/48) of them suffered from bilateral tinnitus. In addition, 50.9% (26/51) of the CI patients were suffering from anxiety, 52.9% (27/51) of them were suffering from depression (), and 66.7% (34/51) (27/51) of them were suffering from anxiety or depression. Cochlear implantation could reduce tinnitus more obviously when the CI was on than when the CI was off. Cochlear implantation also reduced anxiety/depression severity. There were significantly positive correlations between tinnitus severity and anxiety/depression severity before and after surgery. Moreover, hearing improvement is positively correlated with reduction level of tinnitus, the better hearing, and the lesser severity of tinnitus. Thus, along with effective restoration of deafferentation, cochlear implantation shows positive therapeutic effects on tinnitus and psychological comorbidities, providing a reference for future clinical and research work.

中文翻译：

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耳聋的恢复可减少耳鸣、焦虑和抑郁：人工耳蜗植入患者的回顾性研究

重度双侧耳聋（BD）患者容易出现耳鸣，进而导致心理合并症，使患者更难与人交流。本研究旨在调查人工耳蜗 (CIs) 对严重 BD 患者耳鸣困扰和心理合并症的影响。这项多中心回顾性研究回顾了 51 名接受人工耳蜗植入的严重舌后 BD 患者；单侧人工耳蜗植入49例，双侧人工耳蜗植入2例。要求患者完成所有问卷，包括耳鸣障碍量表（THI）、视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分、医院焦虑和抑郁量表问卷（HADS）、听觉表现类别（CAP）、和语音清晰度等级 (SIR)，在植入后至少 4 个月，CI 开启或关闭，大约在 2019 年 5 月至 6 月。在我们的研究中，94% (48/51) 的 BD 患者在 CI 之前患有耳鸣，其中77%（37/48）患有双侧耳鸣。此外，50.9%（26/51）的CI患者患有焦虑症，52.9%（27/51）患有抑郁症（)，其中 66.7% (34/51) (27/51) 患有焦虑症或抑郁症。CI开启时人工耳蜗植入比关闭CI时耳鸣减轻更明显。人工耳蜗植入也降低了焦虑/抑郁的严重程度。耳鸣严重程度与手术前后焦虑/抑郁严重程度呈显着正相关。此外，听力改善与耳鸣水平降低、听力改善和耳鸣严重程度降低呈正相关。因此，人工耳蜗植入在有效恢复传入神经阻滞的同时，对耳鸣和心理共病表现出积极的治疗作用，为今后的临床和研究工作提供参考。