The value of critical infrastructure rests in the services they provide. Electricity in particular underpins the operation of hospitals, schools, financial systems, transportation assets, telecommunications, and water treatment, and affects many other aspects of daily life. There is an emerging recognition of power systems as complex adaptive systems and a proliferation of work on how to make them more resilient in the face of natural hazards and climate change. However, the term “resilience” is often used to encompass important, but distinct, aspects of infrastructure analysis including vulnerability, asset hardening, resistance to failure and risk management. As work in this domain has evolved through disciplines from risk management, economics, engineering and policy, the term “resilience” has often remained vague or referred to broad aspects of infrastructure performance under hazard events. Here we argue it is important to distinguish asset hardening and risk management from aspects of a system that allow it to deliver services even when some of its components fail. Understanding infrastructure vulnerability and risk are key components of resilient power system assessments. However, differentiating vulnerability from functional resilience (service delivery even when components fail) can help identify gaps in data, modeling and decision making. We propose that continued progress in this area can be made by unifying these areas of work through (1) understanding vulnerability and risk management in the context of hazards and climate change and (2) an orientation of resilient service delivery as a unifying concept for resilience analysis.

中文翻译：

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电力系统基础设施对自然灾害和气候变化的脆弱性和恢复力

关键基础设施的价值在于它们提供的服务。电力尤其支持医院、学校、金融系统、交通资产、电信和水处理的运营，并影响日常生活的许多其他方面。人们逐渐认识到电力系统是复杂的适应系统，并且在如何使它们在面对自然灾害和气候变化时更具弹性的工作越来越多。然而，“弹性”一词通常用于涵盖基础设施分析的重要但独特的方面，包括脆弱性、资产加固、抗故障能力和风险管理。由于该领域的工作已经通过风险管理、经济学、工程和政策等学科发展，“复原力”一词通常含糊不清，或泛指灾害事件下基础设施性能的广泛方面。在这里，我们认为重要的是将资产强化和风险管理与系统的各个方面区分开来，即使系统的某些组件出现故障，它也允许它提供服务。了解基础设施脆弱性和风险是弹性电力系统评估的关键组成部分。但是，将脆弱性与功能弹性（即使组件出现故障也提供服务）区分开来有助于识别数据、建模和决策制定方面的差距。我们建议通过 (1) 了解灾害和气候变化背景下的脆弱性和风险管理以及 (2)弹性服务交付作为弹性分析的统一概念。