Cratonic stabilization was a critical crustal process during the Hadean to Archean for the formation of cratons. The understanding of how and where this process took place is significant to evaluate the architecture of continents. The Singhbhum Craton of eastern India has well preserved Precambrian volcano-sedimentary sequences. The Simlipal volcano-sedimentary complex of Singhbhum Craton consists of circular bands of mafic volcanic rocks interlayered with quartzites/ shales/phyllites. In the present study, we report petrographic and geochemical characteristics of quartzites from Simlipal Complex coupled with U–Pb ages of detrital zircons and zircon geochemistry to understand the provenance and depositional conditions and its connection with the crustal stabilization in the Singhbhum Craton. The quartzites are texturally mature with sub-angular to sub-rounded quartz grains followed by feldspars embedded in a silty matrix. Based on modal compositions and major element ratios, these quartzites are categorized as quartz arenite and sub-lithic arenites. Trace element abundances normalized to Archean Upper Continental Crust (AUCC) display positive anomalies at U, Zr, Hf and negative anomalies at Nb. REE patterns are characterized by negative Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.47–0.97) and flat HREE suggesting felsic provenance. These quartzites show depletion of LILE, enrichment of HFSE and transition metals relative to AUCC. High weathering indices such as CIA, PIA, and ICV are suggestive of moderate to intense chemical weathering. Low trace element ratios such as Th/Cr, Th/Sc, La/Sc, La/Co and Th/Co indicate a predominantly felsic source for these rocks. The overall geochemical signatures indicate passive margin deposition for these quartzites. Detrital zircons from the Simlipal quartzites yield U–Pb ages 3156 ± 31 Ma suggesting Mesoarchean crustal heritage. The trace element geochemistry of detrital zircons suggests that the zircons are magmatic in origin and possibly derived from the 3.1 Ga anorogenic granite/granitoid provenance of Singhbhum Craton. These observations collectively indicate the Mayurbhanj Granite and Singhbhum Granite (SBG-III) provenance for these quartzites, thereby tracking the stabilization of the eastern Indian Shield/Singhbhum Craton back to Mesoarchean.

克拉通稳定是冥古宙到太古宙形成克拉通的关键地壳过程。了解这一过程发生的方式和地点对于评估大陆的架构具有重要意义。印度东部的 Singhbhum Craton 具有保存完好的前寒武纪火山沉积层序。Singhbhum Craton 的 Simlipal 火山-沉积复合体由环状的基性火山岩带组成，中间夹有石英岩/页岩/千枚岩。在本研究中，我们报告了 Simlipal Complex 石英岩的岩石学和地球化学特征，结合碎屑锆石的 U-Pb 年龄和锆石地球化学，以了解物源和沉积条件及其与 Singhbhum Craton 地壳稳定的联系。石英岩质地成熟，具有亚角到亚圆形的石英颗粒，其次是嵌入粉质基质中的长石。根据模态组成和主要元素比，这些石英岩被归类为石英砂岩和亚岩屑砂岩。归一化为太古代上大陆地壳 (AUCC) 的微量元素丰度显示 U、Zr、Hf 的正异常和 Nb 的负异常。REE 模式的特征是负 Eu 异常 (Eu/Eu* = 0.47–0.97) 和平坦的 HREE 表明长英质来源。这些石英岩显示出 LILE 的消耗、HFSE 和过渡金属相对于 AUC 的富集。CIA、PIA 和 ICV 等高风化指数表明存在中度至强烈的化学风化。低微量元素比，如 Th/Cr、Th/Sc、La/Sc、La/Co 和 Th/Co 表明这些岩石的主要长英质来源。整体地球化学特征表明这些石英岩的被动边缘沉积。来自 Simlipal 石英岩的碎屑锆石产生 U-Pb 年龄 3156 ± 31 Ma，表明中太古代地壳遗产。碎屑锆石的微量元素地球化学表明，这些锆石为岩浆成因，可能来源于 Singhbhum Craton 的 3.1 Ga 非造山花岗岩/花岗岩物源。这些观察结果共同表明了这些石英岩的 Mayurbhanj 花岗岩和 Singhbhum 花岗岩 (SBG-III) 出处，从而追踪了东印度地盾/Singhbhum Craton 的稳定回中太古代。来自 Simlipal 石英岩的碎屑锆石产生 U-Pb 年龄 3156 ± 31 Ma，表明中太古代地壳遗产。碎屑锆石的微量元素地球化学表明，这些锆石为岩浆成因，可能来源于 Singhbhum Craton 的 3.1 Ga 非造山花岗岩/花岗岩物源。这些观察结果共同表明了这些石英岩的 Mayurbhanj 花岗岩和 Singhbhum 花岗岩 (SBG-III) 出处，从而追踪了东印度地盾/Singhbhum Craton 的稳定回中太古代。来自 Simlipal 石英岩的碎屑锆石产生 U-Pb 年龄 3156 ± 31 Ma，表明中太古代地壳遗产。碎屑锆石的微量元素地球化学表明，这些锆石为岩浆成因，可能来源于 Singhbhum Craton 的 3.1 Ga 非造山花岗岩/花岗岩物源。这些观察结果共同表明了这些石英岩的 Mayurbhanj 花岗岩和 Singhbhum 花岗岩 (SBG-III) 出处，从而追踪了东印度地盾/Singhbhum Craton 的稳定回中太古代。