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Metadata Made Easy: Develop and Use Domain-Specific Metadata Schemes by following the dmdScheme approach
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-25 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7764 Rainer M Krug 1 , Owen L Petchey 1
中文翻译：
元数据变得简单：按照 dmdScheme 方法开发和使用特定于域的元数据方案
更新日期：2021-07-21
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-25 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7764 Rainer M Krug 1 , Owen L Petchey 1
Affiliation
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- Metadata plays an essential role in the long-term preservation, reuse, and interoperability of data. Nevertheless, creating useful metadata can be sufficiently difficult and weakly enough incentivized that many datasets may be accompanied by little or no metadata. One key challenge is, therefore, how to make metadata creation easier and more valuable. We present a solution that involves creating domain-specific metadata schemes that are as complex as necessary and as simple as possible. These goals are achieved by co-development between a metadata expert and the researchers (i.e., the data creators). The final product is a bespoke metadata scheme into which researchers can enter information (and validate it) via the simplest of interfaces: a web browser application and a spreadsheet.
- We provide the R package dmdScheme (dmdScheme: An R package for working with domain specific MetaData schemes (Version v0.9.22), 2019) for creating a template domain-specific scheme. We describe how to create a domain-specific scheme from this template, including the iterative co-development process, and the simple methods for using the scheme, and simple methods for quality assessment, improvement, and validation.
- The process of developing a metadata scheme following the outlined approach was successful, resulting in a metadata scheme which is used for the data generated in our research group. The validation quickly identifies forgotten metadata, as well as inconsistent metadata, therefore improving the quality of the metadata. Multiple output formats are available, including XML.
- Making the provision of metadata easier while also ensuring high quality must be a priority for data curation initiatives. We show how both objectives are achieved by close collaboration between metadata experts and researchers to create domain-specific schemes. A near-future priority is to provide methods to interface domain-specific schemes with general metadata schemes, such as the Ecological Metadata Language, to increase interoperability.
中文翻译：
元数据变得简单：按照 dmdScheme 方法开发和使用特定于域的元数据方案
元数据在数据的长期保存、重用和互操作性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，创建有用的元数据可能非常困难，而且激励机制也很弱，以至于许多数据集可能很少或根本没有元数据。因此，一项关键挑战是如何使元数据创建更容易、更有价值。我们提出了一个解决方案，涉及创建特定于域的元数据方案，该方案尽可能复杂且尽可能简单。这些目标是通过元数据专家和研究人员（即数据创建者）之间的共同开发来实现的。最终产品是一个定制的元数据方案，研究人员可以通过最简单的界面（网络浏览器应用程序和电子表格）输入信息（并验证它）。
我们提供 R 包 dmdScheme（dmdScheme：用于处理特定于域的元数据方案的 R 包（版本 v0.9.22），2019）用于创建模板特定于域的方案。我们描述了如何从该模板创建特定于领域的方案，包括迭代共同开发过程、使用该方案的简单方法以及用于质量评估、改进和验证的简单方法。
按照概述的方法开发元数据方案的过程是成功的，产生了用于我们研究小组生成的数据的元数据方案。验证可以快速识别被遗忘的元数据以及不一致的元数据，从而提高元数据的质量。可以使用多种输出格式，包括 XML。
使元数据的提供变得更容易，同时确保高质量必须成为数据管理计划的首要任务。我们展示了如何通过元数据专家和研究人员之间的密切合作来创建特定领域的方案来实现这两个目标。近期的优先事项是提供将特定领域的方案与通用元数据方案（例如生态元数据语言）接口的方法，以提高互操作性。
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