The United States is currently experiencing an opioid epidemic, with deaths due to opioid overdoses persisting in many communities. This epidemic is the latest wave in a series of global substance use-related public health crises. As a fundamental cause of health inequities, stigma leads to the development of substance use disorders (SUDs), undermines SUD treatment efforts, and drives persistent disparities within these crises. Given their expertise in mental and behavioral health, psychologists are uniquely positioned to play a frontline role in addressing SUD stigma. The goal of this paper is to set an agenda for psychologists to address SUD stigma through clinical care, research, and advocacy. To set the stage for this agenda, key concepts are introduced related to stigma and SUDs, and evidence is reviewed regarding associations between stigma and substance use-related outcomes. As clinicians, psychologists have opportunities to promote resilience to stigma to prevent the development of SUDs, and leverage acceptance and mindfulness approaches to reduce internalized stigma among people with SUDs. As researchers, psychologists can clarify the experiences and impacts of stigma among people with SUDs over time and adapt the stigma-reduction toolbox to address SUD stigma. As advocates, psychologists can call for changes in structural stigma such as policies that criminalize people with SUDs, protest the intentional use of SUD stigma, and adopt stigma-free language in professional and social settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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耻辱和物质使用障碍：临床、研究和宣传议程。


美国目前正在经历阿片类药物流行病，许多社区仍然存在因阿片类药物过量而导致的死亡。此次疫情是全球一系列与药物滥用相关的公共卫生危机中的最新一波。作为健康不平等的一个根本原因，耻辱会导致物质使用障碍 (SUD) 的发展，破坏 SUD 的治疗工作，并导致这些危机中持续存在的差异。鉴于心理学家在心理和行为健康方面的专业知识，他们在解决 SUD 耻辱问题上发挥着独特的作用。本文的目的是为心理学家制定一个议程，通过临床护理、研究和宣传来解决 SUD 耻辱问题。为了为本议程奠定基础，介绍了与耻辱和 SUD 相关的关键概念，并审查了有关耻辱与药物使用相关结果之间关联的证据。作为临床医生，心理学家有机会提高对耻辱的适应能力，以防止 SUD 的发展，并利用接受和正念方法来减少 SUD 患者的内在耻辱。作为研究人员，心理学家可以阐明 SUD 患者随着时间的推移所经历的耻辱感和影响，并采用减少耻辱工具箱来解决 SUD 耻辱感。作为倡导者，心理学家可以呼吁改变结构性耻辱，例如将 SUD 患者定为犯罪的政策，抗议故意使用 SUD 耻辱，并在专业和社会环境中采用无耻辱的语言。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。