Driving under the influence of drug (DUID) cases continue to challenge forensic toxicologists as both the volume and complexity of casework increases. Comprehensive DUID testing should also meet the drafted Academy Standards Board (ASB)/ American National Standard Institute (ANSI) standard and the National Safety Council’s Alcohol, Drugs and Impairment Division (NSC-ADID) recommendations. A simple method using protein precipitation followed by filtration extraction with an 8 minute run time by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was developed, and a comprehensive ASB/ANSI validation was performed. Target drugs and metabolites were quantitatively assessed in blood and qualitatively assessed in urine. Included were 127 target analytes including cannabinoids (12), amphetamines (11), cocaine and metabolites (6), benzodiazepines (36), Z-drugs (5), opioids (27), anticonvulsants (3), first-generation antihistamines (6), muscle relaxants (2), dissociatives and hallucinogens (6), barbiturates (10), and miscellaneous substances (3). Limits of detection are appropriate for DUID and other forensic casework such as drug-facilitated crime (DFC) and postmortem investigations. To demonstrate applicability, 78 proficiency test blood and urine samples and 1,645 blood and urine samples from authentic cases samples demonstrated effective detection of target analytes in forensic casework. By increasing the analytical scope of multiple drug classes via a single method, this technique detects drugs that may have previously gone undetected, such as flualprazolam, etizolam, mitragynine, gamma-hydroxybutyric acid and psilocin and improves laboratory efficiency by reducing the number of tests required. The described method is, to the authors’ best knowledge, the only published single procedure to meet all drugs listed in the drafted ASB/ANSI standard and recommended Tier 1 and traditional drugs from Tier 2 for DUID screening, while also achieving many drug scope and sensitivity recommendations for DFC and postmortem testing.

中文翻译：

---

LC-MS/MS 检测血液和尿液中 127 种推荐和其他 DUID 药物的单一方法

随着案件工作量的增加和复杂性的增加，在药物影响下驾驶 (DUID) 案件继续对法医毒理学家提出挑战。全面的 DUID 测试还应符合起草的学院标准委员会 (ASB)/美国国家标准协会 (ANSI) 标准和国家安全委员会酒精、药物和损害部门 (NSC-ADID) 的建议。开发了一种简单的方法，使用蛋白质沉淀，然后通过液相色谱-串联质谱 (LC-MS/MS) 进行过滤提取，运行时间为 8 分钟，并进行了全面的 ASB/ANSI 验证。目标药物和代谢物在血液中进行定量评估，在尿液中进行定性评估。包括 127 种目标分析物，包括大麻素 (12)、苯丙胺 (11)、可卡因和代谢物 (6)、苯二氮卓类药物 (36)、Z-药物 (5)、阿片类药物 (27)、抗惊厥药 (3)、第一代抗组胺药 (6)、肌肉松弛剂 (2)、解离剂和致幻剂 (6)、巴比妥类药物 (10) 和其他物质 (3)。检测限适用于 DUID 和其他法医案例工作，例如毒品犯罪 (DFC) 和尸检调查。为了证明适用性，78 份能力测试血液和尿液样本以及来自真实病例样本的 1,645 份血液和尿液样本证明了在法医案件工作中对目标分析物的有效检测。通过单一方法增加多种药物类别的分析范围，该技术可检测以前可能未被检测到的药物，如氟阿普唑仑、依替唑仑、米特拉吉宁、γ-羟基丁酸和psilocin，并通过减少所需的测试次数来提高实验室效率。据作者所知，所描述的方法是唯一公布的单一程序，满足起草的 ASB/ANSI 标准中列出的所有药物和推荐的第 1 层和第 2 层中的传统药物进行 DUID 筛查，同时还实现了许多药物范围和DFC 和死后测试的敏感性建议。