Experimental and theoretical studies of fluctuations in nucleus-nucleus interactions at high energies have started to play a major role in understanding of the concept of strong interactions. The elaborated procedures have been developed to disentangle different processes happening during nucleus-nucleus collisions. The fluctuations caused by a variation of the number of nucleons which participated in a collision are frequently considered the unwanted one. The methods to reduce the impact of these fluctuations in fixed-target experiments are reviewed and tested. They can be of key importance in the following ongoing fixed-target heavy-ion experiments: NA61/SHINE at the CERN SPS, STAR-FXT at the BNL RHIC, BMN at JINR Nuclotron, HADES at the GSI SIS18 and in future experiments such as NA60+ at the CERN SPS, CBM at the FAIR SIS100, JHITS at J-PARC-HI MR.

高能下核-核相互作用波动的实验和理论研究已开始在理解强相互作用概念方面发挥重要作用。已经开发了详细的程序来解开核 - 核碰撞期间发生的不同过程。由参与碰撞的核子数量的变化引起的波动通常被认为是不需要的。审查和测试了在固定目标实验中减少这些波动影响的方法。它们在以下正在进行的固定目标重离子实验中可能至关重要：CERN SPS 的 NA61/SHINE、BNL RHIC 的 STAR-FXT、JINR Nuclotron 的 BMN、GSI SIS18 的 HADES 以及未来的实验，例如CERN SPS 的 NA60+，FAIR SIS100 的 CBM，