Diseases have emerged as one of the major challenges of Brachiaria production in Africa. Nine Brachiaria cultivars were evaluated for leaf rust, leaf spot and leaf blight diseases and agronomic performances in two agro-ecological zones of Rwanda. The relationships between agronomic traits and area under diseases progress curve (AUDPC) were determined using Pearson correlation analysis. Cultivars differed significantly (p ≤ 0.05) for their response to these three diseases. Basilisk, Marandu, MG4, and Xaraes exhibited moderately resistant to resistant response to all three diseases, but Cayman and Cobra were susceptible to leaf rust. Site × cultivar × harvest interaction was significant for diseases and agronomic parameters (p ≤ 0.05). Cultivars also differed significantly for biomass production and dry matter content (p ≤ 0.05). The highest biomass producers were Marandu and Xaraes, and Cayman, Cobra and Piata had highest dry matter content. The AUDPC for leaf rust and leaf spot had negative and significant correlation with biomass yield. Our study concludes a satisfactory level of resistance in Basilisk, Marandu, MG4 and Xaraes to all three foliar disease in Rwanda. We recommend routine surveys for emerging and re-emerging Brachiaria diseases and studies to develop effective management measures against Brachiaria diseases.

疾病已成为非洲臂形虫生产的主要挑战之一。在卢旺达的两个农业生态区评估了九个臂形花属栽培品种的叶锈病、叶斑病和叶枯病病害以及农艺性能。使用 Pearson 相关分析确定农艺性状与疾病进展曲线下面积 (AUDPC) 之间的关系。品种显著差异（p为他们的这些三种疾病响应≤0.05）。Basilisk、Marandu、MG4 和 Xaraes 对所有三种病害均表现出中等抗性，但 Cayman 和 Cobra 对叶锈病敏感。立地×栽培品种×收获相互作用对病害和农艺参数有显着影响（p≤ 0.05)。品种在生物质产量和干物质含量方面也存在显着差异（p ≤ 0.05）。最高的生物质生产者是 Marandu 和 Xaraes，而 Cayman、Cobra 和 Piata 的干物质含量最高。叶锈病和叶斑病的 AUDPC 与生物量产量呈显着负相关。我们的研究得出结论，巴西利斯克、马兰杜、MG4 和 Xaraes 对卢旺达所有三种叶病的抗性水平令人满意。我们建议对新出现和重新出现的臂形虫病进行例行调查，并进行研究以制定有效的臂形虫病管理措施。